Atomic Structure & Ionisation Energies

Question 1

what is an isotope?

Answer 1

atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 2

why are the chemical properties of isotopes identical?

Answer 2

they have the same electron configuration

Question 3

how do you calculate the relative atomic mass of an element?

Answer 3

(isotopic mass x abundance) / total abundance

Question 4

what is the first ionisation energy?

Answer 4

the energy required to remove 1 mole of electrons from 1 mole of gaseous atoms to make 1 mole of gaseous 1+ ions

Question 5

what are the terms you use to explain ionisation energies?

Answer 5

• nuclear charge
• shielding
• (core charge)
• ionic radius
• nuclear attraction

Question 6

what is an orbital?

Answer 6

the region of space that can be occupied by up to 2 electrons

Question 7

tell me about the first energy level

Answer 7

• 1 sub level (1s)
• one orbital
• spherical shape
• can hold a total of 2 electrons

Question 8

tell me about the second energy level

Answer 8

• 2 sub levels (2s & 2p)
• 2s can hold 2 electrons
• 2p has 3 hourglass orbitals & can hold 2 electrons each
• can hold a total of 8 electrons

Question 9

tell me about the third energy level

Answer 9

• 3 sub levels (3s, 3p & 3d)
• 3s holds 2 electrons
• 3p holds 6 electrons & has 3 orbitals
• 3d holds 10 electrons & has 5 orbitals
• can hold a total of 18 electrons

Question 10

what is the order of electron configuration?

Answer 10

1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d10