atomic structure form 3

Question 1

what is the definition of atomic number and mass number

Answer 1

atomic number- number of protons( smaller number)

mass number- the total number of protons and neutrons

Question 2

how do you work out the number of neutrons

Answer 2

mass number- atomic number=number of neutrons

Question 3

what are the 3 subatomic particles called, relative charge, relative mass, position in the atom

Answer 3

proton = +1,1, in the nucleus

neutron = 0 or neutral,1, in the nucleus

electron = -1,1/2000, shells/orbits

Question 4

how are the electrons structured in a shell

Answer 4

1st shell- 2 electrons

2nd shell- 8 electrons

3rd shell- 8 electrons

Question 5

what is the definition of an isotope

and what will protons never do

give an example of an isotope

Answer 5

are elements that have the same atomic number but a different mass number. one of the isotopes will have more neutrons than the other one. as they have the same atomic number, they will have the same number of protons and hence the same number of neutrons

> protons will never change

chlorine
the 2 are chlorine 35
chlorine37

Question 6

what is different about noble gases

how do elements achieve this configuration

Answer 6

the outer most electron shell is filled. makes elements very stable.

elements will bond with each other in order achieve a noble gas configuration

elements achieve this- losing or gaining electrons in doing so they become known as IONS
the number of protons is now not equal to the number of electrons

Question 7

definition of an ION

Answer 7

is a changed particle formed when an atom loses or gains electrons. an ion will have an electronic configuration the same as that of its nearest nobel gas

Question 8

what are the electronic arrangements of helium, neon, argon

Answer 8

helium-2
neon-2,8
argon-2,8,8

Question 9

what is the charge of an ion the same as

Answer 9

the valency the element is in

Question 10

what is ionic bonding

Answer 10

is the attraction between these oppositely charged ions

Question 11

what are the positive ions called an their properties

Answer 11

cations
> positive ions
> are metals
>name remains same
>lose1,2 or 3 electrons
>more protons than electrons

Question 12

what are negative ions called and their properties

Answer 12

anions
>are negative ions
> are non-metals
> name changes after gain of electrons
>gains 1,2,3 electrons
> have more electrons than protons

Question 13

What properties does a high density material have

Answer 13

The mass of atoms which make up the material

How close together th atoms are

Question 14

Examples

The density of an object in 2kg and the volume is 150m3, state what the mass of ths object would be

Answer 14

300