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Year 7 Science > Atomic Structure (Chemistry) > Flashcards

Atomic Structure (Chemistry) Flashcards

1
Q

What did Neils Bohr discover?

A

That electrons orbited the nucleus at specific distances, called shells

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2
Q

What subatomic particles have no charge?

A

Neutrons

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3
Q

What number tells us how many protons there are in an atom?

A

The atomic number

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4
Q

What subatomic particles have a charge of +1?

A

Protons

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5
Q

The discovery of what lead to scientists not accepting the Dalton model of the atom anymore?

A

Electrons, as they were smaller than the atom.

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6
Q

What is the smallest part of an element that can exist?

A

An atom

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7
Q

Why do scientists know that the Dalton model of the atom isn’t correct?

A

Other scientists have done many experiments to show the Dalton Model doesn’t fit

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8
Q

What does the mass number tell us about the atom?

A

The number of protons PLUS the number of neutrons.

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9
Q

What word means the same as electron shell?

A

energy level

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10
Q

How many different elements are there?

A

About 100

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11
Q

What is the relative mass of an electron?

A

0

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12
Q

How are compounds formed?

A

From chemical reactions where bonds are broken and then reformed.

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13
Q

What is a substance made of only one type of atom?

A

An element

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14
Q

What are the 3 forms that substances can exist in?

A

Elements Compounds Mixtures

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15
Q

What did James Chadwick discover?

A

The neutrons in the nucleus

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16
Q

What can never be the same for 2 different elements?

A

The atomic number, or the number of protons.

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17
Q

What is the plum pudding model of the atom?

A

A ball of positive charge with negative electrons studded into it.

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18
Q

How many letters are there in a chemical symbol?

A

One or two depending on the element.

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19
Q

What is the charge of an electron?

A

negative 1 (-1)

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20
Q

What subatomic particles have a charge of -1?

A

Electrons

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21
Q

What experiment disproved the plum pudding model?

A

The gold foil experiment

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22
Q

What model became accepted after the gold foil experiment?

A

The nuclear model

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23
Q

What was the first model of the atom called?

A

The Dalton Model

24
Q

What is the charge of a proton?

A

positive 1 (+1)

25
Q

Name the 3 subatomic particles.

A

Protons, neutrons and electrons

26
Q

What are all substances made from?

A

Atoms

27
Q

Does separating a mixture involve a chemical reaction? Explain.

A

No, it doesn’t involve a chemical reaction because no chemical bonds are being made or broken.

28
Q

Who discovered neutrons?

A

James Chadwick

29
Q

What does the Dalton Model of the atom look like?

A

A sphere that can’t be made any smaller

30
Q

Why are atoms neutral?

A

They have the same number of protons as electrons.

31
Q

What is the charge of a neutron?

A

Neutral or No Charge

32
Q

Which subatomic particle can tell us the identity of an atom?

A

The number of protons

33
Q

What is involved in a chemical reaction?

A

The formation of one or more new substances and an energy change.

34
Q

What came after the discovery of electron shells?

A

The discovery of protons, that the nucleus wasn’t one big positive charge, but many smaller posive charges.

35
Q

What did the gold foil experiment (alpha particle scattering) prove?

A

That atoms have nucleuses with a positive charge.

36
Q

What is the relative mass of a proton?

A

1

37
Q

What is an atom?

A

The smallest part of an element that can exist.

38
Q

What is a mixture

A

A substance made of more than one thing not chemically bonded together.

39
Q

How many electrons can fit in the first shell?

A

2

40
Q

Where do we find all the different elements?

A

On the periodic table.

41
Q

What is the relative mass of a neutron?

A

1

42
Q

How many electrons can fit in the 3rd shell?

A

8

43
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance made of only one type of atom.

44
Q

How many electrons can fit in the second energy level?

A

8

45
Q

How do we figure out how many neutrons there are in an atom?

A

Mass number - atomic number

46
Q

Who discovered electron shells?

A

Neils Bohr

47
Q

What is a molecule?

A

A substance made of more than one atom chemically bonded together.

48
Q

What are the 2 numbers you see on the periodic table for each element?

A

The atomic number (smaller) and the mass number (bigger)

49
Q

What does the atomic number tell us about the atom?

A

The number of protons in the atom

50
Q

What is a substance made from two or more different atoms chemically bonded together?

A

A compound.

51
Q

What subatomic particles have a neutral charge?

A

Neutrons

52
Q

What subatomic particles have a relative mass of 1? (2)

A

Protons and Neutrons

53
Q

How can mixtures be separated? (5)

A

Filtration, crystallization, simple distillation, fractional distillation, chromatography

54
Q

What was the name of the model which explained electrons embedded in a positive atom?

A

The plum pudding model

55
Q

What sub atomic particle has no relative mass?

A

An electron

56
Q

What is a compound?

A

A substance made of two or more different atoms chemically bonded together.

Year 7 Science (3 decks)

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