Atomic Structure and The Perodic Table

Question 1

Sub atomic particles Mass and Charge

Answer 1

Proton - mass 1 - charge +1
Electron- mass 0 - charge -1
Neutron - mass 1 - charge 0

Question 2

Atomic Number

Answer 2

Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 3

Mass number

Answer 3

Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 4

Isotopes

Answer 4

Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 5

Relative atomic mass

Answer 5

Average mass of the atoms of an element relative to 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom

Question 6

Relative Isotopic mass

Answer 6

The mass of one isotope relative to 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom

Question 7

Mass spectrometry Step 1:

Answer 7

Ionisation : atoms ionised in a gaseous state to produce positive ions using high energy electrons

Question 8

Mass spectrometry step 2:

Answer 8

Acceleration: Ions are accelerated so the all have to same kinetic energy

Question 9

Mass spectrometry step 3:

Answer 9

Deflection: Ions deflected by a magnetic field according to their masses

Question 10

Mass spectrometry step 4:

Answer 10

Detection: Beam of ion pass through a detector

Question 11

Mass spectrometry stick diagram

Answer 11

Shows the strength of the signal produced by ions of varying mass-to-charge ratio. Y-axis = Relative abundance , X-axis = m/z value

Question 12

Relative atomic mass formula

Answer 12

(Ar of each isotope x % of each isotope) / 100

Question 13

Information of Fragmentation patterns

Answer 13

-Isotopic composition
-Relative atomic mass
-Relative molecular mass
-Drug testing in sports

Question 14

Electrons in atoms

Answer 14

-SPDF notation
-Electrons spin in opposite directions to counteract electric repulsion

Question 15

First Ionisation Energy

Answer 15

The amount of energy required to remove 1 mole of electrons from 1 mole of gaseous atoms to produce 1 mole of gaseous +1 ions

Question 16

what is the general trend of first ionisation energy across a row?

Answer 16

First ionisation energy usually increases across a row as nuclear charge increases while electron shielding stays constant

Question 17

how does the ionisation of paired electrons compare to unpaired electrons ?

Answer 17

Paired electrons have a lower ionisation energy compared to unpaired due to electric repulsion

Question 18

what is the trend of first ionisation energies down a group?

Answer 18

Decrease down a group as valance electron(s) increase in distance from the nucleus (additional nuclear charge nullified by electron shielding)

Question 19

what does a jump in successive ionisation energies indicate?

Answer 19

New energy levels

Question 20

Periodicity

Answer 20

Repeating trends in physical and chemical properties