Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table Flashcards
What does the nucleus contain?
Protons and neutrons
Where is the nucleus of an atom found?
In the middle of the atom
What charge does the nucleus have?
Positive, because protons are positively charged and neutrons are neutral
Where is most of the mass of an atom found?
In the nucleus
What is the relative charge of an electron?
Negative 1
What is the relative mass of an electron?
1/2000
Where are electrons found in the atom?
In shells around the nucleus
What is the relative charge of a neutron?
0
What is the charge of an atom?
0, because they have the same number of electrons and protons
What is the relative charge of a proton?
Positive 1
What is the mass of a proton?
1
Which energy levels are always filled first in an atom?
The lowest, the ones closest to the nucleus
What is the electron configuration rule?
2.8.8.2
What make an atom reactive?
When the atom doesn’t have a full outer shell
What decides what element an atom is?
The number of protons
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom?
What is the relative atomic mass?
The average mass of the atoms of an element (takes into account isotopes) relative to Carbon 12
What is the mass number of an atom?
The number of protons and neutrons added together
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are different atomic forms of the same element, which have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
What is relative abundance?
How much there is of each isotope compared to the total amount of the element in the world
How were elements ordered in the 1800s?
In order of their relative atomic mass
Who originally created the periodic table?
Dmitri Mendeleev
How was Mendeleev’s table of the elements ordered?
According to their properties and the properties of their compounds
Which side of the periodic table are the metals?
The metals are on the left hand side
How is the periodic table arranged?
In periods and groups
What are the rows of the periodic table called?
Periods
How are the elements arranged in each period?
They are arranged in order of increasing atomic number
What does the period number represent?
The number of electron shells
What are the columns of the periodic table called?
Groups
What do elements in each group have in common?
They have similar properties because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell
What is the group number the same as?
The number is always equal to the number of electrons in the outer shell
