Atomic structure and the periodic table TEMP

Question 1

Use the figure found at: https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/1062056354874937405/1224466769687740639/image.png?ex=661d988b&is=660b238b&hm=bd99e284dff35cc5cff9a25ea7241b449808ee0b89c64e108a9330a76362c003&.
Element Q is a dull solid with a melting point of 44 °C.
Element Q does not conduct electricity.
Which section of the periodic table in Figure 1 is most likely to contain element Q?

Answer 1

Section D.

Question 2

Give 2 differences between the physical properties of the elements in Group 1 and those of the transition elements.

Answer 2

any two from:
(Group 1 elements)
* have lower melting / boiling points
* have lower densities
* are less strong
* are softer

allow (Group 1 elements are) more malleable / ductile
allow (Group 1 elements) are not useful as catalysts

ignore transition elements form coloured compounds
ignore transition elements form ions with different charges
ignore references to chemical properties (it asks for physical properties)

Question 3

How do the noble gases’ boiling points change as you go down the group? Explain why.

Answer 3

Increase - the atoms increase in size as they have more electron shells. The intermolecular forces become stronger so more energy is required to break these forces.

Question 4

A mesh is used to keep the products of the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride apart. Suggest one reason why the products of the electrolysis must be kept apart.
[1 mark]

Answer 4

So the products do not react (to reform sodium chloride).

Question 5

Which type of particle passes through the mesh in the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride: atom, electron, ion or molecule?

https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/1062056354874937405/1224828114496913418/image.png?ex=661ee912&is=660c7412&hm=7206dea5cd47b5bc554fe9a6dd2ac1bc553bd3794df21d5591cfec4fbf1d20bc&

Answer 5

Ion.

Question 6

Name the alkaline solution produced from the elctrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride solution. [1 mark]

Answer 6

Sodium hydroxide.

Question 7

Explain how an alkaline solution is produced from the electrolysis of aqueious sodium chloride solution. You should refer to the processes at the electrodes. [3 marks]

Answer 7

• sodium ions and hydroxide ions are left (in solution)
• (because) hydrogen ions are discharged / reduced / gain electrons (at the negative electrode to form
  hydrogen)
• (and because) chloride ions are discharged / oxidised / lose electrons (at the positive electrode to form chlorine)