atomic structure and the periodic table

Question 1

what does the proton number tell you?

Answer 1

the number of protons

Question 2

what does the mass number show?

Answer 2

the number of protons and neutrons added together

Question 3

what is an ion?

Answer 3

atoms or groups of atoms that have gained or lost electrons so they will either have a positive or negative charge.

Question 4

what is an element?

Answer 4

something made up of one type of atom

Question 5

what is an isotope?

Answer 5

atoms of an element which have a different number of neutrons

Question 6

how do you work out relative atomic mass?

Answer 6

sum of (isotope abundance x isotope mass number) / sum of abundances of all isotopes

Question 7

what is a compound

Answer 7

a substance made from two or more elements chemically combined

Question 8

what does diatomic mean?

Answer 8

two identical elements that combine, they are found in pairs

Question 9

what does the name end in when two elements join

Answer 9

ide

Question 10

what does the name end in when three or more elements combine and one of them is oxygen

Answer 10

ate

Question 11

what does the name end in when three or more elements combine and two of them are hydrogen and oxygen

Answer 11

hydroxide

Question 12

what does soluble mean?

Answer 12

a substance that dissolves in a liquid

Question 13

define insoluble

Answer 13

a substance that does not dissolve in a liquid

Question 14

define solvent

Answer 14

a liquid

Question 15

define solute

Answer 15

a solid that dissolves into a solution

Question 16

define solution

Answer 16

a liquid with a soluble solute dissolved in it

Question 17

how do you work out the rf value?

Answer 17

distance from baseline to the spot / distance from the baseline to solvent front

Question 18

what did thompsan discover?

Answer 18

protons

Question 19

what is the plum pudding model?

Answer 19

a model that shows the atom as a ball of positivley charged with electrons scattered in it

Question 20

what did rutheford do?

Answer 20

the alpha scattering experiment

Question 21

Where did rutheford discover that the mass was

Answer 21

at center of the atom

Question 22

what did bohr discover?

Answer 22

electrons are found in shells

Question 23

how were elements previously catagorised in the first periodic table?

Answer 23

by chemical and physical properties and weight

Question 24

how did mendeleev organise the periodic table?

Answer 24

in order of atomic mass

Question 25

why did mendeleeve leave gaps in the periodic table?

Answer 25

for undiscovered elements

Question 26

how is the modern periodic table organised?

Answer 26

proton number

Question 27

what are elements in group 1 called?

Answer 27

alkali metals

Question 28

are group 1 elements reactive?

Answer 28

yes

Question 29

how many electrons do group 1 elements have on their outer shell?

Answer 29

1

Question 30

what are group7 elements called?

Answer 30

hallogens

Question 31

wha are elements in group 0 called?

Answer 31

nobel gases

Question 32

what is ionic bonding?

Answer 32

between metals and non metals

Question 33

do ionic compounds have a high or low mealting point

Answer 33

high

Question 34

what is covalent bonding?

Answer 34

bonds between two non metals

Question 35

how do covalent bonds get full outer shells?

Answer 35

sharing electrons from the outer shell

Question 36

what is electrostatic attraction?

Answer 36

between positive and negative ions which hold them together

Question 37

are cations positive or negative?

Answer 37

positive

Question 38

are anions positive or negative?

Answer 38

negative

Question 39

describe ionic compounds melting and boiling points

Answer 39

very high

Question 40

can ionic compounds conduct electricity when they are solid?

Answer 40

no

Question 41

what is a covalent bond?

Answer 41

between non metals

Question 42

what is a simple molecular substance

Answer 42

a substance made up of molecules containing few atoms joined together by strong covalent bonds.

Question 43

what is a intermolecular force?

Answer 43

forces between molecules

Question 44

do simple molecules conduct energy?

Answer 44

no

Question 45

what is a polymer?

Answer 45

a large molecule made from lots of covalently bonded smaller molecules

Question 46

what is an allotrope?

Answer 46

alternative structural forms of the same elements in the same physical state

Question 47

what is particle theory?

Answer 47

the theory we can model how solids liquids and gases

Question 48

how can you tell if a substance is going to be a solid?

Answer 48

if the temperature is below the melting point

Question 49

how can you tell if a substance is a gas?

Answer 49

it is above the boiling point

Question 50

how can you tell if a substance will be a liquid?

Answer 50

if the temperature is between the melting and boiling point

Question 51

what does the relative formula mass show?

Answer 51

how many protons and neutrons the atom has combined

Question 52

how do you work out the percentage mass of an element in a compound?

Answer 52

ar of element x number of atoms of elements / mr of compound x 100

Question 53

what is the Avogadro constant?

Answer 53

6.02x10 (ttp 23)

Question 54

what is the ar?

Answer 54

relative atomic mass of element

Question 55

what is the mr?

Answer 55

relative formula mass

Question 56

what is the mole?

Answer 56

a measurement for chemical amounts

Question 57

how do you work out the number of moles?

Answer 57

mass/relative atomic mass