Atomic Structure and Periodic Table [C1] Flashcards
On the period table; the top number next to the element is what?
Mass number
What is the mass number?
Total number of protons and neutrons
What is the atomic number?
Total number of protons
What is the Relative mass of a:
Proton:
Neutron:
Electron:
Proton: 1
Neutron: 1
Electron: close to 0
What is the Relative charge of a:
Proton:
Neutron:
Electron:
Proton: +1
Neutron: 0
Electron: -1
What’s an element?
Substances made up of atoms with the same atomic number
What’s an isotope?
An element where atoms have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
How to calculate relative atomic mass: (Ar)
Ar= (isotope abundance X isotope mass number) / total abundance of all isotopes
What’s a compound?
Substance formed from two or more elements chemically bonded
What’s a molecule?
Particles containing two or more non metal atoms bonded covelantly
What’s a mixture?
Substances made up of different elements or compound that aren’t chemically bonded
What is filtration?
Separating insolvable solids from liquids and solutions
What is evaporation?
Separating soluble salts from solution
What does the term insoluble mean ?
Doesn’t dissolve in water
How does evaporation work to separate?
Slowly heating the solution via Bunsen burner on the evaporating dish, crystals from and dry as solvent evaporates
How does filtration work to separate?
Using filter paper to separate the solid which would be left in the paper, leaving the liquid to funnel through into the beaker
What is crystallisation?
Separates soluble salts from solution
How is crystallisation different to evaporation?
Crystallisation is used for salts that decompose when heated-
as this method involves cooling when crystals start to form
Difference between simple and fractional distillation?
The simple distillation can’t separate liquids with similar boiling points
What is the plum pudding model?
A ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded in it -1897
How was the nuclear model discovered?
Alpha scattering experiment-1909
What is the Bohr model?
Elections in orbit in fixed shells
Where are the lowest energy shells in terms of proximity to the nucleus?
Closest to the nucleus
Where are metals on the periodic table?
Bottom left
