Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry Vocabulary Flashcards
Any of the six chemical elements that make up group 1
Alkaline Metal
Any of the six chemical elements that compose group 2
Alkaline Earth Metal
Consist of a nucleus made of protons and neutrons orbited by electrons
Atom
Mass of Atom
Atomic Mass
Defined as a mass equal to one twelfth the mass of an atom of carbon
Atomic Mass Unit (AMU)
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic Number
A stream of electrons emitted from the cathode of a high-vacuum tube.
Cathode Ray
First complete attempt to describe all matter in terms of atoms and their properties.
Daltons Atomic Theory
Electrons
Negative electricity on the Electron shell
A set of chemical elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table
Group
Any of the six nonmetallic elements that constitute group 17
Halogen
Chemical elements normally shown in the two rows below all the other elements
Inner Transition Metal
Atom or molecule that has a net electrical
Ion
A given element have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
Isotope Mass Number
An element that readily forms positive ions (cautions) and has metallic bonds
Metal
A chemical element which has a properties of Earth and metal and nonmetal
Metalloid
Subparticle found in nucleus with no electrical charge
Neutrons
Any of the seven chemical elements that make up group 18
Noble Gas
Element that mostly the characteristics of a metal
Non Metal Chemicals
A collection of particles called protons and neutrons
Nucleus
The horizontal rows of the periodic table
Periods
State that the physical and chemical properties of the elements recur in a systematic and predictable way when the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number
Periodic Laws
All of the elements
Periodic Table
Positive charge of Atom
Protons
The main group is the group of elements
Representative Elements
Any of the set of metallic elements occupying a central block
Transition Metal
Liquids resistance to flow
Viscosity
Compresite particles consisting of two protons and two neutrons tightly bound
Alpha Particles
Alpha particles, also called alpha rays on alpha radiation. Generally produced in the process of alpha decay.
Alpha Radiation
Is emitted from the nucleus of an atom during radioactive decay
Beta Particles
High energy electron, carrying on negative charge, that are sent out by some radioactive nuclei.
Beta Radiation
When an atom splits into two parts, it releases energy
Fission
Combining lighter atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus.
Fusion
High energy phatom that are emitted by radioactive decay.
Gamma Radiation
A device used for the detection and measurements of all types of radioation
Geiger Counter
Time required for a quantity to reduce to half of its initial value
Half -Life
A Nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus and one or are neutrons collide and merge to form a heavier nucleus
Neutron Absorption
A medium that reduces the speed of fast neutrons
Neutron Moderation
A positively charged electron
Positron
Energy that comes from a source and travels through space at the speed of light
Radiation
Process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation
Radioactive Decay
Radioactive substances, or the radiation emitted by these
Radioactivity
The action of changing or the of being changed to another form
Transmutation
