Atomic Structure and Elements Flashcards
What do atoms consist of?
Electrons surrounding a nucleus that contains protons.
What is the difference between neutrons and protons and electrons?
Neutrons are neutral but protons are electrically charged.
What is the relative charge of protons?
+1
What is the relative charge of electrons?
-1
What are all substances made of?
Tiny particles called atoms.
What is an element?
A substance that is made of only one sort of atom.
Roughly how many different elements are there?
100
Where are elements shown?
Periodic Table
What are the horizontal rows in the periodic table called?
Periods
What are the vertical columns in the periodic table called?
Groups
Where are the metals and non-metals shown on the periodic table?
Metals are shown to the left, non-metals are shown to the right.
Why do atoms have no electrical charge?
The number of electrons in an atom is equal to the number of protons in it’s nucleus.
What is the atomic number of an atom?
The number of protons it contains.
What is the mass number?
The total number of protons and neutrons it contains.
A chlorine atom has 17 protons, how many electrons does it have?
17
What will you never find in the periodic table?
A compound because a compound is made up of 2 elements.
What are group 1 elements and where can they be found?
They are found on the left hand side of the periodic table and they are called alkali metals because they form alkaline compounds.