Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry Paper 1 > Atomic Structure > Flashcards

Atomic Structure Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define the word ‘Element’

A

A pure chemical substance consisting of only one type of atom.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define ‘Mixture’

A

A compound made up of two or more different types of atom.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define ‘Compound’

A

A molecule containing two or more different types of atom chemically bonded together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define ‘Atom’

A

The smallest part of an element that can exist.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the ‘Conservation of Mass’?

A

The mass of the products after a reaction is equal to that of the reactants.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When magnesium is burnt with oxygen, what is produced?

A

Magnesium oxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does ‘Filtration’ separate?

A

Soluble solids from insoluble solids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give an example of how ‘Filtration’ can be used

A

Salt (soluble) and sand (insoluble) can be separated by dissolving the salt in water, filtering the sand out, then evaporate the water to leave the salt.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does ‘Crystallisation’ do?

A

Obtains soluble solids from a solution.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Give an example of ‘Crystallisation’

A

Salt crystals can be obtained from water by gently heating and evaporating the water leaving pure salt crystals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does ‘Simple distillation’ do?

A

Obtains a solvent from a solution.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does ‘Fractional Distillation’ do?

A

Separates mixtures with different boiling points.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does ‘Chromatography’ do?

A

Separates the different soluble, coloured components of a mixture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

In ‘Chromatography’, which phase is the solvent called?

A

Mobile Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In ‘Chromatography’ what phase is the paper called?

A

Stationary Phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What did Thomson think the atom contained and what was his model called?

A

A ball of positive charge surrounded by a sea of electrons. (Plum pudding model)

17
Q

Which experiment did Geiger and Marsden carry out?

A

Fired alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold.

18
Q

What happened to the alpha particles during Geiger and Marsden’s experiment?

A

Most of the positively charged particles passed straight through the gold sheet, however a tiny number were deflected back.

19
Q

When Rutherford looked at the results from Geiger and Marsden’s experiment, what did he conclude?

A

Positive charge in an atom must be concentrated in a very small area- the nucleus. (Nuclear Model came from this)

20
Q

What did Bohr deduct?

A

Electrons must orbit the nucleus at specific distances.

21
Q

Why did Bohr think electrons must orbit the nucleus at specific distances?

A

They would spiral inwards.

22
Q

What did Chadwick provide evidence for?

A

Neutrons within the nucleus.

23
Q

What did later experiments suggest?

A

Protons in the nucleus created the positive charge.

24
Q

What is an ‘Isotope’?

A

An element with the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons.

25
Q

Metal atoms ….. electrons to form ………. ions.

A

lose ….. positive

26
Q

Non-metal atoms ….. electrons to form ………. ions.

A

gain ….. negative

27
Q

What do the electrons in an atom occupy?

A

The lowest available shell / energy level.

28
Q

For the first 20 elements, how many electrons can the first shell hold?

A

2

29
Q

For the first 20 elements, how many electrons can the second and third shells hold?

A

8

30
Q

What does the electron configuration of an atom show?

A

How the electrons are arranged in shells around the nucleus.

31
Q

Define ‘Electron’

A

A negatively charged subatomic particle.

32
Q

Define ‘Neutron’

A

A neutrally charged subatomic particle.

33
Q

Define ‘Proton’

A

A positively charged subatomic particle.

34
Q

What is the relative atomic mass of a proton and a neutron?

A

1

35
Q

What happens when ‘Lithium’ is added to water?

A

Fizzes steadily, until it disappears.

36
Q

Define ‘Atomic number’

A

The number of protons in an atom.

Chemistry Paper 1 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions