Atomic Structure Flashcards
What is an element?
An element is one type of atom in a group
What is a compound?
A compound is when two or more elements of different types chemically bond together. In a specific compound the number of each element is fixed
What is a molecule?
A molecule includes any element that is chemically bound
What is the relative charge of a neutron, proton and electron?
0,1,-1
What is an isotope?
They are different forms of the same element which have the same amount of protons but different amount of nuetrons
What can physical separation techniques break down?
Mixtures only
What is filtration used for?
To separate an insoluble solid from a liquid
What is crystallisation used for?
Used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid
What is simple distillation?
Distillation is used to separate a liquid from a solid if we want to keep the liquid
What is fractional distillation
The separation of a mixture of liquid which must have two different boiling points.
How does distillation take place?
You evaporate the liquid like crystallisation then you put the liquid vapour into a condensing tube the condenser uses cold water flowing around the tube to cool the vapour down back into liquid into a beaker. A thermometer is also used it shows us that the temperature is rising.
Give a use of simple distillation?
To make drinking water
What equipment is different between simple and fractional distillation?
Fractional distillation has a long column with hundreds of glass beads inside this is called the fractionating col
what does the fractionating column do?
because the water with the lower boiling point can evaporate easier than the other when both water vapours travel up the tube they condense and fall back into the flask this repeated process increases the amount of the lower boiling point vapour in the fractionating column.
What is paper chromatography?
Allows us to separate substances based on their different solubility