atomic structure Flashcards
e (unit of charge)`
1.6E-19
atomic mass unit (amu)`
PROTONS have an atomic mass of one of these
atomic # (Z)
equal to the number of protons found in an atom of that element
the number on top of the element on the periodic table
mass # (A)
atomic mass
sum of the protons and the neutrons in the atoms nuc
isotopes
atoms that share an atomic #, but diff mass #, written as (^A vZ) X
atomic wieght
weighted average of the elements different isotopes and is reported below the element of the periodic table
Avogadro’s number, NA
6.02E23 molecules/mol
quanta
discrete bundles in which energy emitted as electromagnetic radiation from matter comes in
the energy of a quantum, given by PLANCK RELATION
E=hf
h- plancks constant 6.626E-34
f- frequency of the radiation
plancks constant, h
6.626E-34 Js
angular momentum equation
L=mvr
genetic energy equation
K=(0.5) m(v^2)
angular momentum of an electron orbiting a hydrogen nucleus
L=(nh)/(2 (pi))
n- principle quantum number (the electron shell #)
h- plancks constant 6.626E-34 Js
energy of the electron
E= -(RH)/(n^2)
RH- Rydberg unit of energy= 2.18E-18 J/electron
n- principle quantum number (the electron shell #)
RH
Rydberg unit of energy
2.18E-18 J/electron
excited state
when at least one electron has moved to a sub shell of higher than normal energy
photons
discrete amount of every that are emitted when electrons return rapidly o the ground state since the lifetime of an excited state is brief
electromagnetic energy of photons
E= (hc)/(λ)
h- plancks constant 6.626E-34 Js
c- speed of light in a vacuum- 3E8 m/s
λ - wavelength of the radiation
its just a combo of E=hf and c=fλ
speed of light in a vacuum (c)
3E8 m/s
line spectrum
each line on the emission spectrum corresponds to a specific electron transition
atomic emission spectrum
each element has this, and it can be used as a fingerprint for the elemnt
Lyman series
the group of H emission lines corresponding to transition from energy level n>=2 to n=1
includes larger energy transitions than the Balmer series, so it has shorter photon wavelengths in th eUV region of the electromagnetic spectrum
Balmer series
the group corresponding to transition f from energy levels n>=3 to n=2
Paschen series
corresponds tot transitions form n>=4 to n=3