Atomic Structure Flashcards
What is the electronic configuration of hydrogen-1 with a proton number of 1.
1
What is the electronic configuration of potassium-39 with a proton number of 19?
How would this change when its ion is formed?
2,8,8,1
it would become
2,8,8
having lost its outer electron to gain a full outer shell and become more stable
How many outer electrons does chlorine have?
Which group is chlorine found in?
What is the name of this group?
7 outer electrons
Group 7
Halogens
Define relative atomic mass (RAM)
The average mass number of an atom relative to 1/12th the mass of Carbon-12 taking into consideration the abundance of all its isotopes.
How many outer electrons does magnesium have?
Which group is magnesium found in?
How many electron shells does magnesium have?
What period is it found in?
2 outer electrons
Group 2 - called the Earth Alkaline metals
3 electron shells
Period 3
Name the parts of an atom
What is an isotope?
An atom of the same element with same number of protons and different number of neutrons
Which two ions have an electronic configuration of 2,8,8?
Cl 1- and K 1+
Chlorine is 2,8,7 and gains one electron to become 2,8,8 and gains a charge of 1-
Potassium is 2,8,8,1 and losed one electron to become 2,8,8 and gains a charge of 1+
What is the electronic configuration of Sulfur-32 which has a proton number of 16.
2,8,6
Which charge ion will this element form?
Chlorine with electronic configuration 2,8,7
It has 7 outer electrons- it will gain one electron and will have the charge 1-
Which element will form an ion with charge 3-
Nitrogen found in group 3
Aluminium with 3 outer electrons
sodium found in period 3
Nitrogen, its electronic configuration is 2,5 so it gains 3 electrons to become 2,8 with a charge of 3-
What is the electronic configuration of N3-
Nirogen has a proton number of 7.
2,8
Nitrogen is 2,5 but it has gained 3 electrons to give N 3-
Why is group 0 or the noble gases inert (unreactive)?
They have a full outer shell
What is the electronic configuration of F 1-
Fluroine has a proton number of 9.
2,8
Fluorine is 2,7 but has gained one electron to make F 1-
How many outer electrons does aluminium have?
Which group is aluminium found in?
How many electron shells does aluminium have?
What period is it found in?
3 outer electrons
Group 3
3 electron shells
Period 3
Which element has 8 outer electrons?
Ne-10 proton number 8
OR O-16 proton number 8
Neon - its electronic configuration is 2,8
Neon has 10 electrons but 8 outer electrons
What is the charge of a proton, neutron and electron respectively?
proton 1+, neutron 0, electron 1-
Which element has 10 neutrons?
F-19 proton number 9
Ne-20 proton number 10
B-10 proton number 5
Fluorine
19 - 9 = 10 neutrons
What is the electronic configuration of chlorine-35 with a proton number of 17?
2,8,7
Check:
Chlorine is in group 7 and should have 7 outer electrons
Chlorine is in period 3 and should have 3 electron shells
What does the group number in the periodic table represents?
The number of outer electrons
What does the period number represent in the periodic table?
The number of electron shells
How is a positive ion formed?
The neutral atom must lose electrons.
How do the chemical properties of isotopes compare?
Isotopes have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of outer electrons.
C-12 and C-14 both have 6 protons and 6 electrons but C-14 has 2 more neutrons and is therefore slightly heavier. But they both have 4 outer electrons and behave the same chemically
How is a negative ion formed?
A neutral atom gains electrons
