Atomic Structure Flashcards
What is the relative charge and mass of an electron?
Charge= -1 Mass= 1/2000
What is the relative charge and mass of a neutron?
Charge= 0 Mass= 1
What is the relative charge and mass of a proton?
Charge= +1 Mass= 1
What does an atom consist of?
A nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.
Which fundamental particle identifies the element?
Proton.
Define mass number (A).
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Define atomic (proton) number (Z).
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?
Neutrons= mass number (A) - atomic number (Z)
What is an isotope?
An atom with the same number of protons as another atom, but a different number of neutrons.
What determines the chemical properties of an element?
The number and arrangement of electrons.
Why do isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties?
They have the same number and arrangement of electrons.
Which type of property may be different in isotopes of an element?
Physical properties e.g. density and rate of diffusion, because these properties tend to depend more on the mass of the atom.
