Atomic Structure

Question 1

What is the smallest unit of an element?

Answer 1

An atom.

Question 2

True or False: Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Answer 2

True.

Question 3

What charge do protons carry?

Answer 3

Positive charge.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains ______ and ______.

Answer 4

protons; neutrons.

Question 5

What is the relative mass of an electron?

Answer 5

Approximately 1/1840 of a proton.

Question 6

Which particle determines the identity of an element?

Answer 6

The number of protons (atomic number).

Question 7

Multiple Choice: What is the atomic number of an element?

Answer 7

The number of protons in the nucleus.

Question 8

What is an isotope?

Answer 8

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

Question 9

True or False: Electrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.

Answer 9

False.

Question 10

What is the mass number of an atom?

Answer 10

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 11

What is the smallest unit of an element?

Answer 11

An atom.

Question 12

True or False: Atoms can be created or destroyed.

Answer 12

False.

Question 13

What are the three main subatomic particles?

Answer 13

Protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Question 14

What is the charge of a proton?

Answer 14

Positive.

Question 15

What is the relative mass of an electron?

Answer 15

Approximately 1/1836 of a proton.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains ______ and ______.

Answer 16

protons; neutrons.

Question 17

What particle determines the atomic number of an element?

Answer 17

Protons.

Question 18

True or False: Neutrons have a negative charge.

Answer 18

False.

Question 19

What is the mass number of an atom?

Answer 19

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 20

How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

Answer 20

Mass number - atomic number.

Question 21

What is an isotope?

Answer 21

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

Question 22

What does the atomic number represent?

Answer 22

The number of protons in an atom.

Question 23

What is the charge of a neutron?

Answer 23

Neutral.

Question 24

Which subatomic particle orbits the nucleus?

Answer 24

Electrons.

Question 25

True or False: Electrons have more mass than protons.

Answer 25

False.

Question 26

What is the electron configuration of a sodium atom (atomic number 11)?

Answer 26

2, 8, 1.

Question 27

What is meant by the term 'valence electrons'?

Answer 27

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: The ______ of an atom is determined by the number of protons.

Answer 28

identity.

Question 29

How many electrons can the first shell of an atom hold?

Answer 29

2.

Question 30

What is the maximum number of electrons in the second shell?

Answer 30

8.

Question 31

What are the two main types of bonds that involve electrons?

Answer 31

Ionic bonds and covalent bonds.

Question 32

True or False: The periodic table is arranged by increasing atomic mass.

Answer 32

False.

Question 33

What is the significance of the periodic table's groups?

Answer 33

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.

Question 34

What does the term 'ion' refer to?

Answer 34

An atom or molecule that has a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.

Question 35

What is a cation?

Answer 35

A positively charged ion.

Question 36

What is an anion?

Answer 36

A negatively charged ion.