Atomic Structure Flashcards
What are all subtances made of?
Atoms
What is the smallest part of an element?
Atoms
What is a compound?
Two or more elements chemically combined
How do we seperate compounds?
Chemical reactions
What is a mixture?
Two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined
How do we seperate mixtures?
Physical seperation techniques (filtration, crystallisation, distillation)
What subatomic particle was discovered first?
Electron
What was the plum pudding model?
Model of the atom. A ball of positive charge with negative electrons within
What disproved the plum pudding model?
Alpha particle scattering experiment
What happened in the alpha particle experiment?
Some went through and some were deflected
What did the alpha particle experiment discover?
There is a central nucleus with a charge
What replaced the plum pudding model?
Nuclear model
What did Niels Bohr do?
Suggested electrons orbit the nucleus in shells at specific distances
What did James Chadwick discover?
Neutron
What is the order of discovery of subatomic particles?
Electron, Proton, Neutron
What is the charge of a proton?
+1
What is the charge of a neutron?
0
What is the charge of an electron?
-1
What is the overall charge of an atom?
0
In an atom’s nucleus, the number of protons is equal to the number of what?
Electrons
An element’s atomic number is the same as the amount of what in its atoms?
Protons
What is the relative mass of a proton?
1
What is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
What is the relative mass of an electron?
Very small
Where is most of an atom’s mass?
Nucleus
What is the radius of an atom?
0.1 nm
The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom is its what?
Mass number
Is the mass number on top or bottom?
Top
Is the atomic number on top or bottom?
Bottom
What is an isotope of an element?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
What is an element’s relative atomic mass?
Average value that takes into account the abundance of the element’s isotopes
