Atomic Structure Flashcards
Revision (23 cards)
What is the definition of an atom?
The particles that make up all substances with mass
What are atoms made from?
Protons, Electrons and Neutrons
What does the nucleus (center of the atom) consist of?
Protons and Neutrons
What is a nanometer?
Unit of measurement 1x10 to the power of -9m
What is the electric charge and relative mass of a proton?
EC- +1 RM- 1
What is the electric charge and relative mass of an electron?
EC- -1 , negligible mass
What is the electric charge and relative mass of an neutron?
EC- 0 RM- 1
Subatomic meaning?
Describes particles smaller than an atom
Protons, Electrons and Neutrons are all what?
Subatomic particles
What is an atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom (Bottom number on periodic table)
What is a mass number?
The total of protons and neutrons in a atom (Top number on periodic table)
What is the radius of an atom?
1x10 to the power of -10m (1 nanometer)
What is the radius of a nucleus within an atom?
1x10 to the power of -14m
How many times smaller is the nucleus than the total atom?
10,000
Where are the electrons found?
Orbiting the nucleus in the electron shells also known as energy levels
What are electron shells?
fixed distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found
What is the overall charge of an atom?
An atom has no overall charge as there is the same number of positive protons as negative electrons
How do you work out the number of neutrons in at atom by looking at the periodic table?
Mass number - Atomic number
What are the maximum amount of electrons able to fill shell 1 of electron shells?
2
What are the maximum amount of electrons able to fill shell 2 of electron shells?
8
What are the maximum amount of electrons able to fill shell 3 of electron shells?
8
What is an isotope
Atoms of the same element with the same amount of protons but different amount of neutrons
What is an ion
A particle (e.g. an atom) with a positive or negative charge
