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Science > Atomic Structure > Flashcards

Atomic Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of an atom?

A

The particles that make up all substances with mass

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2
Q

What are atoms made from?

A

Protons, Electrons and Neutrons

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3
Q

What does the nucleus (center of the atom) consist of?

A

Protons and Neutrons

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4
Q

What is a nanometer?

A

Unit of measurement 1x10 to the power of -9m

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5
Q

What is the electric charge and relative mass of a proton?

A

EC- +1 RM- 1

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6
Q

What is the electric charge and relative mass of an electron?

A

EC- -1 , negligible mass

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7
Q

What is the electric charge and relative mass of an neutron?

A

EC- 0 RM- 1

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8
Q

Subatomic meaning?

A

Describes particles smaller than an atom

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9
Q

Protons, Electrons and Neutrons are all what?

A

Subatomic particles

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10
Q

What is an atomic number?

A

The number of protons in an atom (Bottom number on periodic table)

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11
Q

What is a mass number?

A

The total of protons and neutrons in a atom (Top number on periodic table)

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12
Q

What is the radius of an atom?

A

1x10 to the power of -10m (1 nanometer)

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13
Q

What is the radius of a nucleus within an atom?

A

1x10 to the power of -14m

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14
Q

How many times smaller is the nucleus than the total atom?

A

10,000

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15
Q

Where are the electrons found?

A

Orbiting the nucleus in the electron shells also known as energy levels

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16
Q

What are electron shells?

A

fixed distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found

17
Q

What is the overall charge of an atom?

A

An atom has no overall charge as there is the same number of positive protons as negative electrons

18
Q

How do you work out the number of neutrons in at atom by looking at the periodic table?

A

Mass number - Atomic number

19
Q

What are the maximum amount of electrons able to fill shell 1 of electron shells?

A

2

20
Q

What are the maximum amount of electrons able to fill shell 2 of electron shells?

A

8

21
Q

What are the maximum amount of electrons able to fill shell 3 of electron shells?

A

8

22
Q

What is an isotope

A

Atoms of the same element with the same amount of protons but different amount of neutrons

23
Q

What is an ion

A

A particle (e.g. an atom) with a positive or negative charge

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