Atomic Structure

Question 1

Why does ionization energy decrease down a group

Answer 1

less energy is required because:

• atomic radius increases, electron is further from nucleus
• shielding increases

Question 2

First ionization energy definition

Answer 2

energy required to remove 1 electron

from each atom of an element

in 1 mole of gaseous atoms

to form 1 mole of gaseous ions with a +1 charge

Question 3

second ionization energy definition

Answer 3

minimum energy required to remove a second electron

from each ion in a mole of gaseous ions

Question 4

why is the mass spec kept under a vacuum?

Answer 4

to prevent ions colliding with other molecules

Question 5

how are ions accelerated and separated by mass at the detector

Answer 5

1. positive ions are attracted toward negatively charged plated
2. lighter ions reach detector first

Question 6

Ionization energy decreases as you go down, why?

Answer 6

atomic radius increases

shielding is higher

Question 7

P > S ionization energy

Answer 7

S starts to fill up doubly

paired electrons repel

Question 8

first ionization energy definition

Answer 8

enthalpy change

when 1 mole of electrons

is removed from 1 mole of gaseous atoms

to form 1 mole of positive gaseous ions