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7th Grade AP Science Mrs Elder > Atomic Structure > Flashcards

Atomic Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Periodic Table of Elements (PTE)?

A

It lists all elements known by scientists

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2
Q

How is the PTE arranged?

A

All known chemical elements are displayed in rows horizontally in order of increasing atomic number and vertically according to similarity of chemical properties

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3
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance consisting of atoms which all have the same number of protons (atomic number)

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4
Q

How many elements are known?

A

There are appx. 108-118 known elements

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5
Q

How many elements are natural?

A

90

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6
Q

How are the other non-natural elements made?

A

They are man-made

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7
Q

What is a chemical symbol?

A

An abbreviation for an element

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8
Q

How is a chemical symbol written?

A

The 1st letter is always capitalized and the 2nd (if there is one) is always lower case
Example: Hydrogen = H
Example: Copper = Cu

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9
Q

What is the Atomic Number?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus

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10
Q

How is the PTE arranged by Atomic Number?

A

In order of increasing numbers

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11
Q

What are the three categories that most of the elements on the PTE fall into?

A

1) Metals
2) Metalloids
3) Nonmetals

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12
Q

What are characteristics of most metals?

A

1) Shiny (also called LUSTER)
2) Good conductors of heat & electricity
3) Malleable (easily bent, pounded)
4) Ductile (easily drawn into wire)
5) Solids at room temperature
6) Corrosive (wear away) due to reaction with water and other atmospheric conditions

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13
Q

What are characteristics of many nonmetals?

A

1) Dull appearance (not shiny)
2) Poor conductors of heat and electricity
3) Solids are often brittle
4) Many are gases at room temperature
5) Important to life (97% of human body is made of non-metals)

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14
Q

What are characteristics of many metalloids?

A

1) Characteristics of both metals and nonmetals
2) Located between metals and nonmetals on periodic chart
3) All are solids at room temperature

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15
Q

What is an atom?

A

The basic building block of all matter, also the smallest unit of matter that retains the identity of the substance

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16
Q

What do all atoms of a given element share?

A

They are identical in size, mass, and other properties

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17
Q

How are atoms of different elements different?

A

They are different is size, mass, and other properties

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18
Q

Are all atoms built the same way?

A

Yes

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19
Q

What are the two regions of an atom?

A

!) Nucleus

2) Energy Level

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20
Q

Which region is at the center of the atom?

A

Nucleus

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21
Q

Which region contains the mass of the atom?

A

Nucleus

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22
Q

Which region is a cloud or region that surrounds the center?

A

Energy level

23
Q

Which region contains most of the space in an atom?

A

Energy level

24
Q

Which region of an atom contains protons?

A

Nucleus

25
Q

What kind of electric charge do protons carry?

A

A positive charge

26
Q

What is the mass of a proton?

A

One proton has a mass of 1 atomic mass unit (amu)

27
Q

What does the number of protons in an atom of an element determine?

A

The atomic number of the element

28
Q

Which region of an atom contains neutrons?

A

Nucleus

29
Q

What electrical charge does a neutron carry?

A

Neutral (none)

30
Q

What is the mass of a neutron?

A

One neutron has a mass of 1 atomic mass unit (amu)

31
Q

Can the number of neutrons in an atom vary?

A

Yes

32
Q

How is the Atomic Mass of an element determined?

A

The Atomic Mass is the total number of protons and electrons in an atom of an element

33
Q

Which region of an atom contains electrons?

A

Energy Level

34
Q

What is an electron?

A

The smallest of the sub-atomic particles found in an atom

35
Q

How does an electron move?

A

Electrons are in constant motion around the atom in energy levels in the electron cloud

36
Q

What electric charge does an electron carry?

A

Negative

37
Q

What is the mass of an electron?

A

Electrons have virtually no mass

38
Q

What is a neutral atom?

A

AN atom in which the number of electrons always equals the number of protons.

39
Q

Why is a neutral atom neutral?

A

Protons and electrons have opposite charges; since they are equal in number, the atom is neutral in terms of electric charge

40
Q

Can the number of electrons in an atom change?

A

Yes, but for this class we will only consider neutral atoms

41
Q

Can an element be broken down using chemical means?

A

No

42
Q

What determines the element’s identity?

A

The number of protons

43
Q

What is the element with 1 proton?

A

Hydrogen - H

44
Q

What is the element with 2 protons?

A

Helium - He

45
Q

What is the element with 3 protons?

A

Lithium - Li

46
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space

47
Q

What makes up everything in the world (both living and non-living)?

A

Matter

48
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A

1) Solid
2) Liquid
3) Gas

49
Q

Define the SOLID state

A

Has definite shape and volume, atoms are tightly packed

50
Q

Define the LIQUID state

A

There is no definite shape, there is definite volume, atoms are less tightly packed than solid but more tightly packed than gas

51
Q

Define the GAS state

A

No definite shape or volume, atoms less tightly packed than either solid or liquid

52
Q

What rock band’s concert are we going to tonight?

A

Maroon 5

53
Q

Who else is appearing?

A

Kelly Clarkson

54
Q

Who is the best mom in the world?

A

Kathleen Ann Richardson

7th Grade AP Science Mrs Elder (1 decks)

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