atomic structure Flashcards
name the 7 diatomic elements
nitrogen hydrogen bromine iodine fluorine oxygen chlorine
definition of ion
an ion is a charged atom. formed when atoms gain or loose electrons
nuclide notation for ions
mass - protons + neutrons
proton - atomic number
neutron - mass - atomic
electron - atomic -/+ charge
define discrete molecular
a covalent molecular molecule
define giant networks
a covalent network
describe how a covalent bond is formed
formed when two positive nuclei are held together by their common attraction for shared pair of electrons
definition of double and triple covalent bonds
double - consists of two shared pairs of electrons
triple - consists of three shared pairs of electrons
explain why covalent molecular substances have low myp and bpts
as breaking the weak forces of reaction requires little energy causing them to have low mtp bp
What type of elements take part in covalent bonding
non-metals
describe the 4 shapes of molecules
linear
angular
trigonal pyramidal
tetrahedral
describe the structure of covalent molecular substances
made up of molecules joined together, in the liquid and solid states by WEAK forces of attraction called VANDERWALLS
Defection of a covalent bond
A shared pair of electrons
what is A diatomic molecule
contains two atoms joined together
define an ionic bond
Ionic bond is the ELECTROSTATIC ATTRACTION between a positive ion and a negative ion
how are ions formed
ions are formed when atoms gain or loose electrons to obtain the stable electron arrangement of a noble gas.
describe the structure of an ionic bond
contains a LACTICE STRUCTURE of OPPOSITELY charged ions with each POSITIVE ion surround by NEGATIVE ions and each NEGATIVE ion surrounded by positive ions
explain why ionic compounds have high melting points
because lots of energy is required to break the strong ionic bonds in the lacctice
