Atomic Structure

Question 1

Explain how ions are detected and relative abundance is measured in a TOF mass spectrometer

Answer 1

• Ions hit the detector and gains an electron

- the relative abundance is proportional to the size of the current

Question 2

state two features of the current model which differ to the Rutherford model

Answer 2

• electrons are shown on different energy levels/ orbitals

- protons and neutrons are shown inside of the nucleus

Question 3

chlorine has a low bp because the forces between the molecules are weak. explain how these forces arise between molecules of chlorine

Answer 3

• random movement of electrons in one molecule. this creates a dipole.
• it then induces a dipole in a neighboring dipole.
• these temporary dipoles attract.