Atomic Structure

Question 1

(S): This symbol means what?

Answer 1

Solid state.

Question 2

(L): This symbol means what?

Answer 2

Liquid state.

Question 3

(G): This symbol means what?

Answer 3

Gas state.

Question 4

(aq): This symbol means what?

Answer 4

Aqueous state (dissolves in water).

Question 5

Electrons: Found in?

Answer 5

Shells of atoms.

Question 6

Protons: Found in?

Answer 6

Nucleus of atoms.

Question 7

Neutrons: Found in?

Answer 7

Nucleus of atoms.

Question 8

Electrons: Mass and Charge =

Answer 8

Mass = Almost 0
Charge = Negative

Question 9

Protons: Mass and Charge =

Answer 9

Mass = 1
Charge = Positive

Question 10

Neutrons: Mass and Charge =

Answer 10

Mass = 1
Charge = Neutral

Question 11

The right, top number of an atomic symbol is the _______.

Answer 11

Atomic Mass

Question 12

The right, bottom number of an atomic symbol is the _______.

Answer 12

Atomic (Proton) Number

Question 13

Amount of Neutrons = ________ - ______

Answer 13

Atomic Mass - Atomic Number

Top - Bottom

Question 14

Amount of Protons/Electrons = __________

Answer 14

Atomic Number

Question 15

Each shell in an atom can only hold a certain amount of electrons. How many can the 1st Shell hold?

Answer 15

The 1st shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.

Question 16

How many electrons can the 2nd Shell hold?

Answer 16

The 2nd shell can hold a maximum of 8 electrons.

Question 17

How many electrons can the 3rd Shell hold?

Answer 17

The 3rd shell can hold a maximum of 8 electrons.

Question 18

What is an Isotope?

Answer 18

An atom of the same element but a different number of neutrons.

Question 19

How is the chemical reaction of different isotopes different?

Answer 19

They aren’t, they are identical.

Question 20

What is an element?

Answer 20

A material made purely of one type of atom.

Question 21

What is a mixture?

Answer 21

A substance made of at least 2 different types of atoms not chemically bonded.

Question 22

What is a compound?

Answer 22

A material made of at least 2 different types of atoms chemically bonded.

Question 23

How does filtration separate mixtures?

Answer 23

Filtration removes insoluble solids but allows liquids and dissolved solids to pass through.

Question 24

How does evaporation separate mixtures?

Answer 24

Removes liquids and leaves behind dissolved solids.

Question 25

How does distillation separate mixtures?

Answer 25

Removes and collects water with similar boiling points.

Question 26

How is chromatography used?

Answer 26

It is used to separate small amounts of mixtures, especially formulations.

Question 27

Who made the Plumb Pudding theory?

Answer 27

John Dalton

Question 28

What is the Plumb Pudding theory?

Answer 28

That an atom is a solid sphere with a positive charge, and that it has negative particles stuck in it.

Question 29

What is the Rutherford scattering experiment?

Answer 29

The experiment involves firing alpha particle ( positively charged helium nuclei made of two protons and two neutrons) at a thin layer of gold foil.

Question 30

What did the Rutherford scattering experiment prove?

Answer 30

That atoms have nuclei, as some of the helium nuclei bounced off the foil, whilst some passed through.

Question 31

Who carried out the Rutherford scattering experiment?

Answer 31

Ernest, Baron Rutherford

Question 32

Who made the Bohr model?

Answer 32

Neils Bohr

Question 33

What is the Bohr model?

Answer 33

The Bohr model includes shells with electrons in each shell, with a nucleus that includes neutrons and protons in the middle.