Atomic Structure (1)

Question 1

Lyman series

Answer 1

energy level n greater than or equal to 2 to n= 1.

Larger energy transition, it has shorter photon wavelengths.

Question 2

Balmar series

Answer 2

Energy level n greater than or equal to 3 to n = 2.

Question 3

Paschen series

Answer 3

Energy level n greater than or equal to 4 to n = 3.

Question 4

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

Answer 4

it is impossible to determine with perfect accuracy the momentum and position of electrons. We can do describe the probability of electrons with a given region of space.

Question 5

Pauli exclusion principle

Answer 5

No two electrons in a given atom can possess the same set of four quantum numbers.

Question 6

Principle quantum number

Answer 6

denoted by letter (n).

Difference in energy between the shell decreases as the distance from the nucleus increases because the energy difference [1/n^2 initial - 1/n^2 final]

Question 7

Maximum number of electrons within a subshell

Answer 7

4(l) +2

4 times angular momentum + 2

Question 8

Aufbau’s principle

Answer 8

electrons fill from lower to higher energy subshells

Question 9

Hund’s rule

Answer 9

within a given subshell, orbitials are filled such that there are a maximum number of half filled orbitials with parallel spins.

Question 10

azimuthal quantum number (angular momentum)

Answer 10

(l) describes the subshells within a principle energy level

(s, p ,d,f )

l = n- 1

Question 11

magnetic quantum number

Answer 11

specifies the particular orbital subshell where an electron is likely to be found at a given moment in time.

Question 12

Spin quantum number

Answer 12

indicates spin orientation (+/- 1/2)

Question 13

Paramagnetic

Answer 13

materials have unpaired electrons that align with magnetic fields, attracting the material to a magnet.

Question 14

Diamagnetic

Answer 14

materials have all paired electrons, which cannot easily be realigned; they are replled by magnets.

Question 15

Absorption vs. Emission

Answer 15

Absorption: When electron moves from LOWER to HIGHER state, they must absorb energy in form of a light.

Emission: When electrons move from HIGHER to LOWER state, they must emmit the energy in form of light.

Question 16

Isotope

Answer 16

same atomic number, but different mass

Question 17

Avagadro number

Answer 17

6.02 x 10^ 23

Question 18

Electron from lower to higher state

AHED

Answer 18

Mnemonic: AHED
A: absorb light
H: higher potential
E: excited
D: distant from the nucleus

Question 19

Energy formula

Answer 19

E = hf
E= hc/ λ
c = f x λ
h = planck constant (6.626 x 10^ -34)

Question 20

Rydberg unit of energy (Rh)

Answer 20

Rh = 2.18 x 10^ -18

Question 21

Energy formula for initial minus final

Answer 21

E = -Rh [1/n^2 (initial) - 1/n^2 (final)]

Rh = 2.18 x 10^-18

Question 22

maximum number of electron allowed in a single atomic energy level in terms of n

Answer 22

2n^2