Atomic and Nuclear Physics Flashcards
(25 cards)
Name the five most important Fundamental Particles in Nuclear Engineering?
Electron, Proton, Neutron, Neutrino, Photon
What is the rest mass of an electron?
9.1x10^(-28)g
What is the mass of a Proton?
1.67x10^(-24) but slightly less than a Neutron
What is the mass of a Neutron?
1.67x10^(-24) but slightly more than a Proton
What is the mass of a Photon?
Zero
What is the mass and charge of a Neutrino?
Zero and zero.
What is Rest Mass?
The mass of a particle with zero speed relative to the observer. Einstein showed that the mass is a function of speed relative to the observer, so it must be technically be specified
What is Electron Annihilation?
When two electrons of opposite charge collide and create a photon.
What is Annihilation Radiation?
The photons that are created during electron annihilation
Are neutrons stable?
No, unless within a nucleus. Free neutrons decay into a proton releasing a negative electron and an antineutrino.
What is the speed of light?
c = 3x10^(10)
What is a Nucleon?
A particle found in the nucleus
What is a particles atomic number
The number of protons in the nucleus
What is a particles atomic mass?
The sum of the number of neutrons and protons
What is an isotope?
A version of an element with a different number of neutrons
What can be determined from a nuclide symbol?
Mass number = top left
Electric charge = top right
Atomic number = bottom left
Average atomic weight = bottom
What is the atomic weight of an atom?
The mass of the atom relative to the mass of one twelth of a C-12 atom
M_a = ma/(mcarbon/12)
What is a mole of a substance?
The gram atomic weight = 1 mole
What is an atoms Gram Atomic Weight?
The weight equal to the N grams
Where N is the atomic weight.
What is Avogadro’s number?
0.602 x 10^(-23). It is defined as the number of atoms in one mole of a substance.
What is an atomic mass unit (amu)?
1.66 x 10^(-24) One twelfth the mass of a C-12 atom.
What is the average radius of an atom?
10^(-10)
What is the average radius of a nucleus?
10^(-14)
What is the equation for estimating the radius of a nucleus?
R = 1.25 x 10^(-15) x A^(1/3)
Where A is the atomic mass number
