Atomic

Question 1

What is the smallest unit of an element?

Answer 1

Atom

Question 2

True or False: Atoms can be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What are the three main subatomic particles of an atom?

Answer 3

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains ______ and ______.

Answer 4

protons; neutrons

Question 5

Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?

Answer 5

Proton

Question 6

What is the charge of a neutron?

Answer 6

Neutral

Question 7

True or False: Electrons are located in the nucleus of an atom.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

What is the approximate mass of a proton?

Answer 8

1 atomic mass unit (amu)

Question 9

What is the atomic number of an element?

Answer 9

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 10

Fill in the blank: The mass number of an atom is the sum of the number of ______ and ______.

Answer 10

protons; neutrons

Question 11

Which particle determines the chemical properties of an atom?

Answer 11

Electron

Question 12

What is an isotope?

Answer 12

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 13

True or False: All isotopes of an element have the same atomic number.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What is the main difference between the Bohr model and the quantum mechanical model of the atom?

Answer 14

The Bohr model has fixed orbits for electrons, while the quantum mechanical model describes electron positions in terms of probabilities.

Question 15

Fill in the blank: The region around the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found is called an ______.

Answer 15

orbital

Question 16

What does the electron configuration of an atom describe?

Answer 16

The distribution of electrons in the atom’s orbitals

Question 17

True or False: The maximum number of electrons in an orbital is two.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?

Answer 18

No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

Question 19

What is the principle quantum number?

Answer 19

It indicates the energy level of an electron in an atom.

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The ______ principle states that electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first.

Answer 20

Aufbau

Question 21

What are valence electrons?

Answer 21

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.

Question 22

True or False: Valence electrons are important for chemical bonding.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What is an ion?

Answer 23

An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a charge.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: An atom that loses an electron becomes a ______.

Answer 24

cation

Question 25

Fill in the blank: An atom that gains an electron becomes an ______.

Answer 25

anion

Question 26

What is the significance of the octet rule?

Answer 26

Atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell.

Question 27

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 27

A chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Question 28

True or False: Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between atoms.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is an orbital?

Answer 29

A region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons.

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The ______ model describes electrons as waves rather than particles.

Answer 30

quantum mechanical

Question 31

What are the four types of orbitals?

Answer 31

s, p, d, and f

Question 32

What shape does an s orbital have?

Answer 32

Spherical

Question 33

What shape does a p orbital have?

Answer 33

Dumbbell-shaped

Question 34

True or False: The d orbitals can hold a maximum of 10 electrons.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What is the significance of the noble gases in atomic structure?

Answer 35

They have full valence shells, making them chemically inert.

Question 36

What is a quantum number?

Answer 36

A set of numbers that describe the properties of atomic orbitals and the electrons in those orbitals.

Question 37

Fill in the blank: The second quantum number, also known as the ______ number, describes the shape of an orbital.

Answer 37

azimuthal

Question 38

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the third energy level?

Answer 38

18

Question 39

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the weighted average of all the isotopes of an element.

Answer 39

atomic weight

Question 40

What determines the identity of an element?

Answer 40

The number of protons in its nucleus.

Question 41

True or False: The mass of an electron is significantly larger than that of a proton.

Answer 41

False

Question 42

What is the role of neutrons in an atom?

Answer 42

They provide stability to the nucleus.

Question 43

Fill in the blank: The strong nuclear force holds ______ together in the nucleus.

Answer 43

protons and neutrons

Question 44

What is an electron cloud?

Answer 44

The region around the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found.

Question 45

Fill in the blank: The number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of ______ in a neutral atom.

Answer 45

electrons

Question 46

What is the significance of a chemical symbol?

Answer 46

It represents an element and consists of one or two letters.

Question 47

True or False: The atomic mass of an element is usually a whole number.

Answer 47

False

Question 48

What is the term for the energy required to remove an electron from an atom?

Answer 48

Ionization energy

Question 49

What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency?

Answer 49

They are inversely related; as one increases, the other decreases.

Question 50

Fill in the blank: The ______ principle explains why electrons occupy specific energy levels.

Answer 50

quantum