Atombau Und Periodensystem Flashcards
What is the basic unit of matter?
An atom.
True or False: The periodic table organizes elements by increasing atomic number.
True.
What are the horizontal rows in the periodic table called?
Periods.
What are the vertical columns in the periodic table called?
Groups.
Fill in the blank: The number of protons in an atom determines its _____ number.
atomic.
Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?
Proton.
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first energy level of an atom?
2.
True or False: Electrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.
False.
What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?
Covalent bond.
Which group in the periodic table is known as the noble gases?
Group 18.
What is the term for the energy required to remove an electron from an atom?
Ionization energy.
Which element has the atomic number 1?
Hydrogen.
True or False: All elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.
True.
What is the primary characteristic of alkali metals?
They are highly reactive and have one electron in their outer shell.
Fill in the blank: The number of neutrons in an atom can be calculated by subtracting the atomic _____ from the atomic mass.
number.
What is the octet rule?
Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to have eight electrons in their valence shell.
Which type of bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another?
Ionic bond.
What is the most electronegative element?
Fluorine.
True or False: Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
True.
What are the two main types of chemical bonds?
Ionic and covalent bonds.
What is the significance of the atomic mass unit (amu)?
It is a standard unit of mass that quantifies mass on an atomic or molecular scale.
Fill in the blank: The periodic table was first organized by _____ Mendeleev.
Dmitri.
What does the term ‘valence electrons’ refer to?
Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.
Which group contains the transition metals?
Groups 3 to 12.
