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Chemistry formal 2.5 > Atom and Electron Structure > Flashcards

Atom and Electron Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the basic unit of matter?

A

Atom

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2
Q

True or False: Electrons are positively charged particles.

A

False

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3
Q

What are the three main subatomic particles?

A

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains _______ and _______.

A

protons; neutrons

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5
Q

What is the charge of a proton?

A

+1

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6
Q

What is the charge of an electron?

A

-1

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7
Q

How many electrons can fit in the first shell of an atom?

A

2

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8
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the second shell?

A

8

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9
Q

True or False: Neutrons have no charge.

A

True

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10
Q

What is the atomic number of an element?

A

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

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11
Q

What determines the chemical properties of an element?

A

The arrangement of its electrons

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12
Q

Which particle has the greatest mass?

A

Neutron

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The electron cloud model describes the _______ of electrons around the nucleus.

A

probability distribution

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14
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

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15
Q

What is the principal quantum number (n)?

A

A number that indicates the energy level of an electron

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16
Q

True or False: Electrons occupy the lowest energy levels first.

A

True

17
Q

What is the Pauli exclusion principle?

A

No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

18
Q

What is the shape of an s orbital?

A

Spherical

19
Q

How many orbitals are in a p subshell?

A

3

20
Q

What is the electron configuration for oxygen (atomic number 8)?

A

1s² 2s² 2p⁴

21
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ principle states that electrons fill orbitals starting from the lowest available energy level.

A

Aufbau

22
Q

What is the term for the energy required to remove an electron from an atom?

A

Ionization energy

23
Q

What does the term ‘valence electrons’ refer to?

A

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom

24
Q

What is the significance of the octet rule?

A

Atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell.

25
Q

True or False: The number of neutrons can vary in isotopes of the same element.

A

True

26
Q

What is the role of electrons in chemical bonding?

A

They are involved in the formation of bonds between atoms.

Chemistry formal 2.5 (11 decks)

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