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Chemia > atom > Flashcards

atom Flashcards

1
Q

co je to atom

A

zakladna stavenba jednotka chem latok

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2
Q

z coho pozostava atomove jadro

A

dve casti
protony a neutrony

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3
Q

co je to proton

A

mikrocastica ktora je nositelom kladneho elektrickeho naboja p+

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4
Q

co je neutron?

A

mikrocastica ktora nie je nositelom ziadneho elektrickeho naboja n °

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5
Q

co je elektrom

A

mikrocastica ktor aje nositelom najmensieho zapormeho naboja

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6
Q

Z?

A

protonove cislo

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7
Q

A?

A

nukleonove cislo

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8
Q

N?

A

neutronove cislo

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9
Q

co vyjadruje protove cisloZ

A

pocet p+ v jadre a poradie v psp
pocet elektronov v elektronovom obale

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10
Q

preco je atom elektricky neutralny

A

pretoze pocet p+ a e- je rovnaky

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11
Q

co vyjadruje nukleonove cislo A?

A

celkovy pocet nukleonov teda p + a n° v atomovom jadre

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12
Q

co je to prvok

A

chem latka zlozena z atomov ktore maju rovnake Z protonove cislo

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13
Q

co su to nuklidy

A

latky zlozene z atomov kt maju rovnake Z aj A

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14
Q

co su izotopy

A

nuklidy toho isteho prvku ktore maju rovnake Z rozne A

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15
Q

ake pozname vodiky

A

1H1. 2H1. 3H1
lahky tazky tricium

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16
Q

ake su skratky pre vodiky

A

lahky P procium
tazky D deuterium
tricium T

17
Q

pomocou coho opisujeme stav elektronov v atomovom obale?

A

kvantovych cisel

18
Q

na co nam sluzia kvantove cisla?

A

opisujeme pomocou nich stav elektronov v obale atomu

19
Q

ake poznam kvantove cisla

A

hlavne n
vedlajsie l
megneticke m
spinove s

20
Q

objavitel protonu a kedy

A

ernest Rutherford
1918

21
Q

aky naboj ma proton

A

kladny

22
Q

objavitel neutronu a kedy

A

James Chaduick
1932

23
Q

objavitel elektronu plus kedy

A

Joseph J Thomson
1897

24
Q

ma neutron naboj

A

nie

25
Q

aka je hmotnost protonu

A

1,6729. 10 -27

26
Q

hmotmost neutronu

A

1,6749.10-27

27
Q

hmotnost elektronu

A

9,1091. 10-31

Chemia (2 decks)

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