Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

gsce chemistry > atmosphere and acids 3.4 > Flashcards

atmosphere and acids 3.4 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

what’s the composition of the air?

A

nitrogen - 78 %
oxygen - 21 %
argon - 0.96 %
carbon dioxide - 0.04 %

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how can we measure the percentage of oxygen?

A

by reacting it with another element, and the air gradually decreases until all of the oxygen has been added to the element

to work out the percentage:
decrease in volume / initial volume of air x 100 = %

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

why do some experiments fail?

A

leak in apparatus
wasn’t heated long enough for all the oxygen to be reacted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what affect mass?

A

heating on yellow flame as the door adds to mass
not heating for long enough
something has escaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the equation for element combustion?

A

element + oxygen > element oxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what affects the name and state of the oxide?

A

whether it is a metal or non-metal
metal - oxide, solid
non-metal - dioxide, gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what’s important about the element combustion of magnesium?

A

produces a bright white light and white power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what’s important about the element combustion of sulphur?

A

blue flame

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what’s important about the element combustion of hydrogen ?

A

squeaky pop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what’s the charge of iron (||)?

A

Fe 2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what’s the charge of iron (|||)?

A

Fe 3+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what’s the charge of copper?

A

Cu 2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what’s the charge of silver?

A

Ag +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what’s the charge of zinc?

A

Zn 2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what’s the charge of lead?

A

Pb 2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what’s the chemical test for oxygen?

A

glowing splint > relights
as the oxygen allows the wood in splint to combust more efficiently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what type of solution does a metal oxide form?

A

alkaline solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what type of solution does a non-metal dioxide form?

A

acidic solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what’s the acid name, acid formula and ion formula for nitrate?

A

nitric acid
HNO3
NO3 -

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what’s the acid name, acid formula and ion formula for sulphate?

A

sulphuric acid
H2SO4
SO4 2-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what’s the acid name, acid formula and ion formula for phosphate?

A

phosphoric acid
H3PO4
PO4 3-

22
Q

what’s the acid name, acid formula and ion formula for carbonate?

A

carbonic acid
H2CO3
CO3 2-

23
Q

what’s the alkali name, alkali formula and ion formula for ammonium?

A

ammonium hydroxide
NH4OH
NH4 +

24
Q

what’s the ion formula for hydroxide?

A

OH -

25
Q

what’s the chemical test for carbon dioxide?

A

limewater > turns cloudy
CO2 reacts with the limewater to insoluble white solid

26
Q

a pH greater than 7 is …

A

alkaline

27
Q

a pH of 7 is …

A

neutral

28
Q

a pH less than 7 is …

A

acidic

29
Q

in an acidic solution methyl orange indicator would turn:

A

red

30
Q

in an neutral solution methyl orange indicator would turn:

A

yellow

31
Q

in an alkaline solution methyl orange indicator would turn:

A

yellow

32
Q

in an acidic solution phenolphthalein indicator would turn:

A

colourless

33
Q

in an neutral solution phenolphthalein indicator would turn:

A

colourless

34
Q

in an alkaline solution phenolphthalein indicator would turn:

A

pink

35
Q

in an acidic solution red litmus paper would turn:

A

stay red

36
Q

in an neutral solution red litmus paper would turn:

A

stay red

37
Q

in an alkaline solution red litmus paper would turn:

A

blue

38
Q

in an acidic solution blue litmus paper would turn:

A

red

39
Q

in an neutral solution blue litmus paper would turn:

A

stay blue

40
Q

in an alkaline solution blue litmus paper would turn:

A

stay blue

41
Q

universal indictor range of colours depending on pH:

A

0,1,2 : red
3,4 : orange
5,6 : yellow
7 : green
8,9,10 : light blue
11,12,13: dark blue
14 : purple

42
Q

how do you determine whether an unknown element is a metal or non-metal?

A
  1. combust in it oxygen
  2. dissolve the oxide formed
  3. check the pH of the solution with an indicator

metal oxide - alkaline solution
non- metal dioxide - acidic solution

43
Q

what is the acid and base reaction?

A

acid + base > salt + water

for example
sulphuric acid + zinc oxide > zinc sulphate + water

44
Q

what is an important observation in an acid + base reaction?

A

base disappears
this is because it is used up in reaction

45
Q

what do you need to remember about the salt formed from a base and acid reaction?

A

if salt is soluble, it dissolves to form a salt solution

46
Q

we can use an acid + base reaction to make …

A

salt crystals

47
Q

how do you make zinc sulphate crystals?

A
  1. add excess base (ZnO) to hot acid (H2SO4)
    this makes sure that the salt solution is made quickly and ensures all the acid is used up
  2. filter out the excess base (ZnO)
    salt solution (ZnSO4) is the filtrate and is collected in an evaporating basin
  3. heat salt solution (ZnSO4) until crystals start to from around the edges
    this saturates the solution so that crystals form most efficiently
  4. leave salt solution to crystallise
    evaporation of water allows crystals to form
48
Q

what is the acid and carbonate reaction?

A

acid + carbonate > salt + water + carbon dioxide

for example
lead carbonate + sulphuric acid > lead sulphate + water + carbon dioxide

49
Q

what are the two important observations in an acid + carbonate reaction?

A

carbonate disappears
- as it is used up in reaction

fizzing
- as gas of carbon dioxide is produced

50
Q

what do you need to remember about the salt formed from a carbonate and acid reaction?

A

if salt is soluble, it dissolves to form a salt solution

51
Q
A

gsce chemistry (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions