Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EnviChem: Atmosphere > Atmosphere > Flashcards

Atmosphere Flashcards

1
Q

5 Layers of the Atmosphere (inner to outer)

A 
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Composition of Air

A

78% N2
21% O2
1% Ar, CO2, H2O, others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

contaminaiton of atmosphere by wastes from different sources

A

air pollution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

earlies record of air pollution

A

Ancient Rome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Types of air pollutants

A

primary and secondary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q 
what type of pollutants are these:
PM
SOx
NOx
COx
VOCs
A

primary pollutants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

examples of secondary pollutants

A 
ammonium sulfate
H2SO4
ammonium nitrate 
nitric acid
O3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

sources of air pollution

A

area
mobile
stationary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the biggest source of CO

A

transportation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the biggest source of SO2

A

electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the greatest source of NO2

A

transportation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

unsa na PM ang dust

A

PM 10

PM 2.5 ang soot
PM 50-70 hair
PM 90 sand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

airborne/suspended liquid and solid particles

A

particulates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

natural soures of particulates

A

volcanic eruptions and large forest fires

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

man-made sources of particulates

A

burning fossil fuels, forest fires, industrial emissions, chemical rxns, incinerators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

health effects of particulates

A

blocks air passages in lungs
poisonous
produces secondary pollutants
reduces visibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

2 types of smog

A

photochemical

industrial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How is photochemical smog produced

A

NO and VOCs interact with UV, O2, H2O(g) to form hazy clouds of secondary pollutants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

chemical reaction of production of NO during fuel combustion

A

N2(g) + O2(g) -> 2 NO(g)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

chemical reaction for the production of nitric acid

A

2 NO2 + H2O -> HNO2 + HNO3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Reaction of NO2 to form ozone

A

NO.2 + H2O -> (UV-A) NO. + O

O + O2 -> O3

22
Q

the smog produced from oil or coal combustion

A

industrial smog

23
Q

chemical reaction for formation of sulfuric acid from SO2

A

2 SO2 + O2 -> 2SO3

SO3 + H2O -> H2SO4

24
Q

What indoor pollutants are present in house cleaners

A

bleach, NAOH, HCl

25
Q

where does NOx come from (indoors)

A

unvented gas stove

26
Q

what indoor pollutants come from dirty airconditioner/heater ducts

A

fungi and bacteria

27
Q

Where does CO come from (indoors)

A

faulty furnace/ car exhaust

28
Q

what air pollutant is produced by paint thinners

A

methylene chloride

29
Q

radioactive pollutant from rocks under the house

A

Ra-222

30
Q

where foes formaldehyde come from (indoors)

A

furniture, carpeting, foam insultion

31
Q

air pollutant produced by mothballs and air fresheners

A

paradichlorobenzene

32
Q

where does tetrachloroethylene come from

A

dry-cleaning fluid

33
Q

T/F: pollutant concentrations are typically larger outside than inside the household

A

F

34
Q

What ar ethe global effects of air pollution

A

acid precipitation
ozone depletion
global warming

35
Q

T/F normal precipitation is neutral

A

F, because of CO2 forming carbonic acid with water

36
Q

pH range of acid rain

A

3.5-6.0

37
Q

Effects of acid rain

A

increases acidity of lakes, destroys aquatic life
leeches nutrients from soils
readily dissolves toxic metals in soils
increases rate of corrosion of stuff

38
Q

chemical reaction for corrosion of calcium carbonate by acid rain

A

CaCO3 + H2SO4 -> CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O

39
Q

chemical rxn for corrosion of iron by acid rain

A

Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2

40
Q

it is the sudden runoff of large amounts of highly acidic water into lakes and streams when snow melts in the spring or when heavy rains follow a drought

A

acid shock

41
Q

when was tha hole in the ozone layer discovered

A

early 1980s

42
Q

elements responsible for destroying O3

A

Cl and F

43
Q

long cylinders of ice that are drilled and removed from deep within a polar ice sheet

A

ice cores

44
Q

natural air pollution controls

A

precipitation

removal of CO2 by biological activity and the cold oceans

45
Q

Pollution prevention and control devices

A

dust collector/baghouse
spray tower scrubber
discharged electrodes

46
Q

gas coming out of chimneys after combustion

A

fuel gases

47
Q

how to remove SOx from fuel gases

A

fuel substitution
desulfurization
removal during combustion
wet flue gas desulfurization

48
Q

concept of wet flue gas desulfurization

A

the glue combustion gas reacts with limestonr, MhOH, or others to form a reusable or throwaway product

49
Q

chemical reaction for limestone slurry in capturing SO2

A

CaCO3 + SO2 -> CaSO3 + CO2

CaSO3 + 1/2 O2 + H2O -> CaSO4-H2O

50
Q

Chemical reaction for MgOH slurry in capturing SO2

A

Mg(OH2) slurry + SO2 -> MgSO3 + H2O

MgSO3 + 1/2 O2 -> MgSO4

51
Q

how to remove NOx from fuel gases

A

fuel modification, low N
combustion modification
removal of NOx in flue gas (flue gas deNOx-ization lol)

52
Q

Chemical rxn for flue gas de-NOx-ization

A

4 NO + 4 NH3 + O2 -> 4 N2 + 6 H2O

6 NO2 + 8 NH3 -> 7 N2 + 12 H2O

catalyzed by Titanium and Silicon

EnviChem: Atmosphere (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions