Atmosphere Flashcards
What is the second layer of the Atmosphere?
The Stratosphere
What is the first layer of the Atmosphere?
The Troposhere
What is the third layer of the Atmosphere?
The Mesosphere
What is the last layer of the Atmosphere?
The thermosphere
What is the key to weather?
Heat
Where is most of the Ozone?
The Statosphere
The higher you go up, what happens to the air pressure?
It increases
What are the 4 most common gases in the atmosphere?
Nitrogen - 78%
Oxygen - 21%
Argon - 1%
Carbon Dioxide - 1%
What instrument measures the air pressure?
A barometer
What separates the Troposphere and the Stratosphere?
The Jet Stream
How does heat travel through conduction?
Direct Contact
How does heat travel through Convection?
Through a fluid ( gas, liquid or flowing solid )
How does heat travel through Radiation?
Through change of energy through space
What instrument measures wind speed?
An anemometer
What instrument determines wind direction?
A wind vane
What is wind chill factor?
Increased cooling from wind due to increased heat transfer
What causes local winds and what are they?
Local winds are winds that blow over short distances. The unequal heating of Earth’s surface within a small area causes local winds. These winds form only when large-scale winds are weak. The two types of local winds are sea breezes and land breezes.
What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum?
Radiowaves, Microwaves, Infared, Visible light, Ultraviolet, X-Rays, and Gamma Rays.
What is the greenhouse effect and how does it effect Earth?
The greenhouse effect makes the sunlight that reaches Earth’s surface rebound into the clouds and back down again. This makes it so the Earth doesn’t become freezing at night and we have sunlight for a bit longer.
What causes wind?
Wind is caused by air in a high density zone, to rush over to a low density zone.
How are wind and ocean currents influenced by Earth’s rotation?
It is effected by creating the Coriolis Effect. The Coriolis Effect makes it so the wind and ocean currents don’t flow in a straight line, making them curve around.
What are the 5 global wind belts?
Doldrums, Horse Latitudes, Trade Winds, Prevailing Westerlies, and the Polar Easterlies. The Doldrums are located on the equator.
What causes deep-ocean currents and surface currents?
The surface currents are driven by Major wind belts, and the deep-ocean currents are driven by density differences.
How can oceans effect climate?
They can carry warm or cold water, making the sea breezes cold or warm, heating or cooling the land, and the atmosphere.
