Atmospher Test

Question 1

What is the air made out of?

Answer 1

78% nitrogen , 21 % oxygen, 1% carbon dioxide + other

Question 2

How are carbon and oxygen cycled through plants and animals?

Answer 2

1. Animals breathe in oxygen for respiration
2. They give off carbon dioxide as a waste product
3. Plants use the carbon dioxide to make their own food
4. Plants then give off oxygen

Question 3

Nitrogen cycle?

Answer 3

Bacteria in the soil change the nitrogen in the air into forms plants can use

Animals get the nitrogen they need by eating plants

When plants, animals and other kinds of bacteria die , the nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere

Question 4

Four layers of the atmosphere? Explain

Answer 4

1. troposphere : most weather takes place here, has the most air.
2. Stratosphere: ozone layer , 80 km thick
3. Ionosphere : airplanes fly, Radio waves reflected
4. Exosphere: has the least air, weather satellite

Question 5

What does it mean to scale?

Answer 5

Right proportions, compatible and realistic sizes.

Question 6

Three main properties of air?

Answer 6

1. Air is invisible: natural gases of the air have no color you can’t see them.
2. Air has mass: Air is matter it is made up of Adams and molecules.
3. Air takes up space: when you blow air into a balloon the balloon gets larger.

Question 7

Why aren’t we crushed by air pressure?

Answer 7

We are not crushed by air pressure because air does not present downward. Air presses in all directions

Question 8

Where would you find the greatest air pressure In earth?

Answer 8

You would find the greatest air pressure in the earths surface. The weight of the air above the earth surface pushes down on the surface. It would be 1 kg/cm2 at sea level.

Question 9

Explain how temperature affects air pressure

Answer 9

Temperature affect air pressure because heat makes molecules move faster
Warm air weighs less than cool air
Warm air and has less pressure than cool air

Question 10

Explain how the amount of water vapor in the air affects air pressure

Answer 10

It weighs less than most of the other gases in the air. Each molecule of water vapor that goes into the air takes the place of some of the air molecules. Usually a heavier molecule is replaced. This makes the air lighter.

Moist air weighs less then dry air.
Moist air has less pressure than dry air.

Question 11

How is O zone different from the oxygen we breathe? Why is ozone important?

Answer 11

Ozone is important because it filters out ultraviolet light. It’s our natural sunscreen.
Oxygen : o2 O=O

Ozone molecule : 3 O2 = 2 O3

Question 12

What are three ways Energy can be transferred?

Answer 12

1. Conduction - move through solids, vibrating molecules pass on heat from one molecule to another.
2. Convection - moves through gases and liquids, heated molecules move away from the heat and cool Molecules take their place. Then they become heated.
3. Radiation- doesn’t need molecules to work. Is the movement of light or heat energy through empty space.

Question 13

Explain the steps have a convection current?

Answer 13

1. Heated molecules move faster and further apart from each other.
2. Area of heated molecules get less dense and rise.
3. Heated molecules transfer heat elsewhere and cool.
4. Cooked molecules move much slower and closer together and become more dense and sink.
5. Molecule begin to heat up again .

Question 14

Mars?

Answer 14

Most radiation is reflected and very little is absorbed (very cold )

Average temperature: -70°F

96% CO2
2% Ar
2% N

➡️➡️➡️⬅️

Question 15

Venus?

Answer 15

Most of infrared radiation heat is absorbed by the CO2 in the atmosphere so it’s hot ! (Very thick atmosphere)

Average temperature = ~ 850°F

96% CO2
3% N2

➡️⬅️⬅️⬅️

Question 16

Earth?

Answer 16

65% absorbed and 35% reflected back out to space.

Average temp = ~ 60°F

78% N2
21% 02
1% CO2 + other

⬅️⬅️➡️➡️

Question 17

Three ways are atmosphere protects us?

Answer 17

1. Ozone layer blocks out harmful rays from the sun.
2. Has water. As water evaporates, it’s given off by living organism, it rises through the atmosphere and creates clouds. Clouds give off water to the earths ground by rain storms and stuff like that.
3. Oxygen and carbon dioxide
   balance between these two gases is important because animals need enough oxygen to breathe and plants need carbon dioxide BUT Too much carbon dioxide traps heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming.