Atmomic And Nuclear

Question 1

What’s an elections charge, mass compared to neutron and position in atom

Answer 1

Charge= -1
Mass compared to neutron =1/1840
Position in atom= orbiting shell

Question 2

What’s a protons charge, mass compared to neutron and position in atom

Answer 2

Charge=+1
Mass=1/ is =
Position= nucleus

Question 3

What’s a neutrons charge and position in atom

Answer 3

Charge=0 (neutral)
Position = nucleus

Question 4

What’s the equation to find the mass of a proton

Answer 4

1.67*10^-27 kg

Question 5

What is hydrogen made up of

Answer 5

1 proton

Question 6

What’s helium made up of

Answer 6

2 protons and 2 neutrons

Question 7

What’s lithium made up of

Answer 7

3 protons and 4 Neutrons

Question 8

What do the letters mean in A
X
Z

Answer 8

A= atomic mass (number of protons+neutrons)
X= the chemical symbol eg H for hydrogen
Z=atomic number/ number of protons

Question 9

What’s an isotope

Answer 9

Different versions of the same particle - Same P diff number of N

Question 10

Isotopes of an element have all the same ———— ———-

Answer 10

Chemical properties

Question 11

What’s an alpha particle

Answer 11

Identical to a helium nucleus- has 2 p and 2n

Question 12

What’s a beta particle

Answer 12

Very fast electron
0
B= e
-1

Question 13

What’s gamma radiation

Answer 13

Electro magnetic waves - very penetrating stopped by centimetres of lead

Question 14

What is alpha radiation

Answer 14

Not very penetrating - stopped by 2-3 cm of air or paper

Question 15

What is beta radiation

Answer 15

Penetrating- stoped by meters of air or millimetres of aluminium

Question 16

What’s an isotopes chemical symbol

Answer 16

Y

Question 17

What’s the equation for alpha decay

Answer 17

Looses 2 protons and 2 neutrons
A A-4
X = Y + helium
Z Z-2

Question 18

What’s the formula for beta decay

Answer 18

Neutron turns into a proton and electron
A. A
X= Y + beta particle
Z. Z-1

Question 19

What’s the equation for gamma radiation

Answer 19

Just add a y

Question 20

What’s ionisation

Answer 20

When atoms gain or loose an electron forming an ion

Question 21

What is background radiation

Answer 21

Detected when no radio active substances are present- very low radiation

Question 22

Source of background radiation

Answer 22

Randon gas- found in rocks

Question 23

What is a half life

Answer 23

Time it takes the original nuclei to decay (for the radio active count to half)

Question 24

How do you calculate a half life

Answer 24

N(number of half life’s)=
Number of half life’s in beginning/2* number of times a half life happen

Question 25

What is meant by fission

Answer 25

Splitting of large nuclei (by absorbing a neutron) into 2 daughter nuclei + some release of neutrons

Question 26

What is meant by the term fussion

Answer 26

Joining of 2 small nuclei into a singular nucleus (achieved by acceleration into eachother and release of energy)