Atm Flashcards
Gases are all around us . We live in the“sea of gases”. Gases show characteristic behavior that affects us and the environment. Therefore, it is important to understand some fundamental
laws that govern the behavior of
gases.
Gas Law
- have very low density
-have no definite volume and shape.
-exert pressure as measured in gauge.
Gases
-useful property matter. As a general rule, less dense substance
rises, while more dense substances sinks.
Density
is responsible for the spread of odors
Diffusion
The properties of gases can be explained
Kinetic molecular theory
Objects in motion have
energy
Kinetic energy
are composed of atoms or molecules which are widely separated.
-Gas molecules move at very high speeds,
Gases
Molecules of gases occupy space. It may be proven when the gas
fills its container
-which is one of the measurable properties of the gas, is denoted by
its symbol V. Its SI unit is cubic meter (m³).
Volume
Is the force exerted by the gas per unit
area
Pressure
is taken as the pressure exerted
by the atmosphere at sea level under normal conditions. This value is used as a standard and designated as 1 atmosphere ( 1 atm ).
Standard atmospheric pressure
can be measured with a Barometer.
Evangelista Torricelli
-the inventor of mercury barometer.
Atmospheric pressure
the inventor of mercury barometer.
Evangelista Toricelli
Gases expands when temperature is increased. The temperature is denoted by the symbol T. Temperature of the gas is
generally expressed in Fahrenheit (⁰F ) , Celsius ( ⁰C ) and Kelvin ( K ).
Temperature
Temperature is measured with the help of a
Thermometer
only works if the gas is help in constant temperature.
- Pressure-Volume Relationship
Boyle’s Law
The British physicist and chemist
Robert Boyle
was able to Investigate the pressure – volume relationship of air.
Robert Boyle
The French scientist , showed at a constant pressure
, the volume occupied by the fixed quantity
• Of gas increased with increasing temperature.
Jacques Alexander Charles
As the temperature increases, the
volume increases”
Charles Law
a French chemist, demonstrated that at constant volume ,
the pressure exerted by a given amount of gas increased as the temperature is
increased.
Joseph Gay lussac
states that at constant volume , the pressure exerted by a given
sample of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
Gay’s lussac law
T²=V²T¹/V¹
Final Temperature (Charles Law)
P²=T²P¹/T¹
Final Pressure (Gay lussac law)
