Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) Multi-Store Model of Memory Flashcards
1
Q
What is the multi store model?
A
Representation of memory as separate, unitary stores that each have input, process and output.
2
Q
What are the 3 components of the Multi store model?
A
- Sensory register
- STM
- LTM
3
Q
Give the features of the sensory register.
A
- Modality specific - encodes via senses (iconic, echoic, gustatory, tactile, olfactory)
- Cap = all sensory experience
- Dur = 1/2 a second
4
Q
How is information passed from the sensory register to the STM?
A
Through attention
5
Q
Give the features of the STM.
A
- Encoding = mainly acoustic
- Cap = 7+/-2 items
- Dur = Up to 30 seconds without rehearsal
6
Q
What is maintenance rehearsal?
A
Repeating info to retain it in STM
7
Q
How is information passed from the STM to the LTM?
A
Through prolonged rehearsal
8
Q
Give the features of the LTM.
A
- Encoding = semantic
- Cap = Potentially unlimited
- Dur = Up to a lifetime
9
Q
How is information retrieved from the LTM?
A
Transferred back to the STM
10
Q
Give one strength of the Multi store model.
A
- Supported by res evid
- Baddeley (1966) - ppts mided up acou sim (STM) and seman sim (LTM)
- Shows diff encoding in diff stores - supports idea of existence of sep and indep stores
11
Q
What are the weaknesses of the Multi store model?
A
- Amnesia studies suggest more than one type of STM
- Shallice and Warrington (1970) case study of K.F
- better recall when allowed to read themselves than when read aloud to them
- MSM should incl sep areas for visual and auditory info - Prolonged rehearsal may not be necessary.
- Craik and Watkins (1973) conc : type > amount of rehearsal
- emphasises ELABORATIVE rehearsal (linking new info to existing knowledge or thinking about what it means)
- info can be transferred to LTM without PR - Supporting studies used artificial stim
- MSM lacks external validity : atypical use of memory
