ATI TEAS Science: Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Core of cardiovascular system
Heart
Where is the heart located?
In between the lungs
The heart has how many chambers?
4 (2 atria, 2 ventricles)
Atriums
- A heart chamber that receives blood
- upper chamber
Ventricles
- powerhouse
- lower chamber
- pump blood to the lungs
Valves
- prevent back flow of blood
How many types of valves?
4
Tricuspid valve
-door between right atrium and right ventricle
- has 3 flaps
- prevents back flow into the right atrium
Pulmonary valve
- prevents flow of blood into right ventricle
- leads blood to the lungs
Mitral/Bicuspid valve
- door between left atrium and left ventricle
- 2 flaps
- prevents back flow into the left atrium
Aortic valve
- left ventricle pumps blood to the aorta
- between the left ventricle and aorta
How many layers of the heart?
3
Epicardium
outer layer
Myocardium
middle layer
Endocardium
inner layer
STEP 1 (blood flow)
Blood enters through superior and inferior vena cava
STEP 2 (blood flow)
blood in the right atrium flows through the right ventricle (passes through tricuspid valve)
STEP 3 (blood flow)
blood pumps through pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery which carries it to the lungs
STEP 4 (blood flow)
Blood is oxygenated in the lungs
STEP 5 (blood flow)
Blood moves through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium returning to the heart
STEP 6 (blood flow)
Blood flows from left atrium to the left ventricle (passes through mitral/bicuspid valve)
STEP 7 (blood flow)
Pumps oxygen-rich blood through the aortic valve into the aorta (main artery), moving blood out to the body
