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ATI TEAS > ATI TEAS > Flashcards

ATI TEAS Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the functions of the human body

A

Physiology

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2
Q

The study of the parts and structures of the human body

A

Anatomy

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3
Q

Anatomical plane that divides the body into dorsal and ventral parts

A

Coronal plane

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4
Q

Anatomical plane that divides the body into superior and inferior sections

A

Transverse plane

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5
Q

Anatomical plane that divides the body into right and left sections

A

Sagittal plane

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6
Q

Vertical cut that is off-center that separates the left of the specimen from the right in unequal portions

A

Parasagittal plane

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7
Q

Toward the head end of the body

A

Superior

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8
Q

Away from the head of the body

A

Inferior

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9
Q

Back of the body

A

Dorsal

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10
Q

Front of the body

A

Ventral

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11
Q

Front

A

Anterior

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12
Q

Back

A

Posterior

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13
Q

Structure that is closer

A

Proximal

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14
Q

Structure that is further away

A

Distal

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15
Q

The study of the body’s cells

A

Cytology

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16
Q

The study of the body’s tissues

A

Histology

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17
Q

The covering that envelopes the cell and acts as a covering

A

Cell membrane

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18
Q

Gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of a cell

A

Cytoplasm

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19
Q

Contains chromosomes and is where DNA/RNA are synthezised and replaced

A

Cell nucleus

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20
Q

Molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism

A

DNA

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21
Q

Molecule that is present in the majority of living organisms and viruses

A

RNA

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22
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid

A

DNA

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23
Q

Ribonucleic acid

A

RNA

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24
Q

Powerhouses of the cell, their main function is to generate the energy necessary to power cells

A

Mitochondria

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25
Q

Dynamic structure that serves many roles in the cell including calcium storage, protein synthesis and lipid metabolism

A

Endoplasmatic recticulum

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26
Q

Subcellular organelle that is found in nearly all types of eukaryotic cells and that is responsible for the digestion of macromolecules, old cell parts, and microorganisms

A

Lysosome

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27
Q

Group of organic compounds which include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins, monoglycerides, diglycerides, phospholipids, and others

A

Lipid

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28
Q

Cellular machinery responsible for making proteins

A

Ribosome

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29
Q

Responsible for transporting, modifying, and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations

A

Golgi apparatus

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30
Q

Cell division of germ cells in sexually-reproducing organisms that produces the gametes, such as sperm or egg cells

A

Meiosis

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31
Q

cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.

A

Mitosis

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32
Q

Cells make up

A

Tissues

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33
Q

Tissues make up

A

Organs

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34
Q

Organs make up

A

Organ systems

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35
Q

Highly cellular tissue that overlies body surfaces, lines cavities, and forms glands

A

Epithelial tissue

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35
Q

Supports and binds other tissues of the body

A

Connective tissue

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36
Q

Found around every blood vessel and helps to keep the vessel in place

A

Loose connective tissue

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37
Q

Tissue that collects and stores fat in the form of triglycerides, for energy metabolism

A

Adipose tissue

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38
Q

Consist of flexible muscle fibers that range from less than half an inch to just over three inches in diameter

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

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39
Q

Fibers are located in walls of hollow visceral organs (such as the liver, pancreas, and intestines), except the heart

A

Smooth muscle tissue

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40
Q

Makes up the thick middle layer of the heart and only exists in the heart

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

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41
Q

A neuron, neurone, or nerve cell is an electrically excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network

A

Nervous tissue

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42
Q

Resilient and smooth type of connective tissue, usually covered by a tough and fibrous membrane called perichondrium

A

Cartilage

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43
Q

Includes the nose or nostrils, nasal cavity, mouth, throat (pharynx), and voice box (larynx)

A

Upper respiratory system

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44
Q

Includes the windpipe (trachea) and within the lungs, the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli

A

Lower respiratory tract

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45
Q

Two large tubes that carry air from your windpipe to your lungs

A

Bronchi

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46
Q

Tubes in the lungs which branch off from the larger bronchi that enter each lung

A

Bronchioles

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47
Q

Tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange

A

Alveoli

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48
Q

The organs and other parts of your body involved in breathing, when you exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

Respiratory system

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49
Q

A flap of tissue that sits beneath the tongue at the back of the throat

A

Epiglottis

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50
Q

Lower than normal heart rate, heart rate fewer than 60 beats a minute

A

Bradycardia

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51
Q

Higher than normal heat rate, heart rate over 100 beats a minute

A

Tachycardia

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52
Q

The heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries

A

Systole

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53
Q

The heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood

A

Diastole

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54
Q

Top number and refers to the force the heart exerts on the walls of the arteries each time it beats

A

Systolic blood pressure

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54
Q

Bottom number and refers to the amount of pressure in the arteries while the heart is resting in between heartbeats

A

Diastolic blood pressure

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55
Q

The outter most layer of the heart, the membrane enclosing the heart, consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner double layer of serous membrane

A

Pericardium

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56
Q

Middle layer of the heart, found in the walls of all four chambers of the heart, though it is thicker in the ventricles and thinner in the atria

A

Myocardium

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57
Q

Innermost layer of the heart, the thin, smooth membrane which lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves

A

Endocardium

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58
Q

Specialized cardiac muscle cells that conduct electrical impulses that allow coordinated contraction of cardiac muscle, allows heart to make nerve impulses

A

Purkinje fibers

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59
Q

What are the upper chambers of the heart

A

Right atrium and left atrium, receiving blood into the heart

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60
Q

What are the lower chambers of the heart

A

Right and left ventricles, pumping blood from the heart

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61
Q

Separates the left atrium from the left ventricle

A

Mitral valve

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62
Q

Separates the left ventricle from the aorta

A

Aortic valve

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63
Q

Separates the right atrium from the right ventricle

A

Tricuspid valve

64
Q

Separates the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

A

Pulmonary valve

65
Q

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle

A

Left atrium

66
Q

Pumps oxygenated blood into your aorta and pumped out to the rest of the body

A

Left ventricle

67
Q

Receives blood that is deoxygenated from the body and then empties the blood into the right ventricle

A

Right atrium

68
Q

Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs, the blood is then “refilled” with oxygen in the lungs

A

Right ventricle

69
Q

The main artery of the body, supplying oxygenated blood to the circulatory system

A

Aorta

70
Q

Olfactory #

A

I

71
Q

Optic #

A

II

72
Q

Oculomotor #

A

III

73
Q

Trochlear #

A

IV

74
Q

Trigeminal #

A

V

75
Q

Facial #

A

VII

75
Q

Abducens #

A

VI

76
Q

Vestibulocochlear #

A

VIII

77
Q

Glossopharyngeal #

A

IX

78
Q

Vagus #

A

X

79
Q

Accessory #

A

XI

80
Q

Hypoglossal #

A

XII

81
Q

Olfactory function

A

Sensory

82
Q

Optic function

A

Sensory

83
Q

Oculomotor function

A

Motor

84
Q

Trochlear function

A

Motor

85
Q

Trigeminal function

A

Both

86
Q

Abducens function

A

Motor

87
Q

Facial function

A

Both

88
Q

Vestibulocochlear function

A

Sensory

89
Q

Glossopharyngeal function

A

Both

90
Q

Vagus function

A

Both

91
Q

Accessory function

A

Motor

92
Q

Hypoglossal function

A

Motor

93
Q

Cranial nerve mnemonic

A

Oh oh oh to touch and feel very good velvet ah heaven

94
Q

I, II, III, IV, V, VI, IX, X, XI, XII

A

Olfactory, optic, Oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal

95
Q

Cranial nerve function mnemonic

A

Some say marry money but my brother sats big brains matter more

96
Q

Sense of smell

A

Olfactory nerve

97
Q

Ability to see

A

Optic nerve

98
Q

Ability to move and blink your eyes

A

Oculomotor nerve

99
Q

Ability to move your eyes up and down or back and forth

A

Trochlear nerve

100
Q

Sensations in your face and cheeks, taste and jaw movements

A

Trigeminal nerve

101
Q

Ability to move your eyes

A

Abducens nerve

102
Q

Facial expressions and sense of taste

A

Facial nerve

103
Q

Sense of hearing and balance

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

104
Q

Ability to taste and swallow

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

105
Q

Digestion and heart rate

A

Vagus nerve

106
Q

Shoulder and neck muscle movement

A

Accessory nerve

107
Q

Ability to move your tongue

A

Hypoglossal nerve

107
Q

Part of the brainstem that links the medulla oblongata and the thalamus

A

Pons

108
Q

Paired gray matter structure of the diencephalon located near the center of the brain

A

Thalamus

109
Q

The bottom stalklike portion of your brain, it connects your brain to your spinal cord

A

Brainstem

109
Q

The connection between the brainstem and the spinal cord, carrying multiple important functional centers

A

Medulla oblongata

110
Q

Responsible for high-cognitive functions like self-control, memory, and emotional expression. It’s essential for personality and communication abilities

A

Frontal lobe

111
Q

Processing auditory information and with the encoding of memory. Believed to play an important role in processing affect/emotions, language, and certain aspects of visual perception

A

Temporal lobe

112
Q

Part of the brain containing sensory perception and integration, including the management of taste, hearing, sight, touch, and smell

A

Parietal lobe

113
Q

Responsible for visual perception, including colour, form and motion

A

Occipital lobe

114
Q

Maintains balance, posture, tone of the body coordinate and regulate muscular activity

A

Cerebellum

115
Q

An extension of the central nervous system (CNS),

A

Spinal cord

116
Q

is made up of the brain and spinal cord:
The brain controls how we think, learn, move, and feel
The spinal cord carries messages back and forth between the brain and the nerves that run throughout the body

A

Central nervous system

117
Q

Controls actions that we do by choice (voluntarily), like walking, eating, or playing an instrument

A

Somatic nervous system

118
Q

Controls processes that happen automatically (involuntarily), like breathing, digestion, sweating, and shivering

A

Autonomic nervous system

119
Q

Transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body, including internal organs

A

Nervous system

120
Q

Has two parts; autonomic and somatic nervous system

A

Peripheral nervous system

121
Q

Controls your body’s “fight or flight” response-1 of 2 parts of the autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic nervous system

122
Q

Network of nerves that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger-1 of 2 parts of the autonomic nervous system

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

123
Q

C1-C7

A

Cervical vertebrae

124
Q

T1-T12

A

Thoracic vertebrae

125
Q

L1-L5

A

Lumbar vertebrae

126
Q

5 Fused

A

Sacrum

127
Q

4 Fused

A

Coccyx

128
Q

Vertebrae mnemonic

A

7am breakfast, 12pm lunch, 5pm dinner

129
Q

Located on either side of the front of the neck just below the angle of the jaw

A

Carotid pulse

130
Q

Located between the wrist bone and the tendon on the thumb side of the wrist

A

Radial pulse

131
Q

Located at the anterior aspect of the elbow by gently pressing the artery against the underlying bone with the middle and index fingers

A

Brachial pulse

132
Q

Located lateral to the extensor hallucis longus tendon (or medially to the extensor digitorum longus tendon) on the dorsal surface of the foot, distal to the dorsal most prominence of the navicular bone

A

Dorsalis pedis pulse

133
Q

Located in the middle portion of the back middle of the knee

A

Popliteal pulse

133
Q

Located along the crease midway between the pubic bone and the anterior iliac crest

A

Femoral pulse

134
Q

Felt at the temple near the ear

A

Temporal pulse

134
Q

Pulse point on your chest at the bottom tip (apex) of your heart, listened to with a stethoscope rather than being palpated

A

Apical pulse

135
Q

Located in the arm just below the bend of your elbow and extends through the outer edge of the forearm

A

Ulnar pulse

136
Q

Located midway between the medial malleolus and the medial calcaneal tubercle. Draw an imaginary line between the posterior border of the medial malleolus and the Achilles tendon

A

Posterior tibial pulse

137
Q

Muscular tube that carries food and liquid from your throat to your stomach

A

Esophagus

138
Q

Muscular organ in your upper abdomen, it contracts, relaxes and produces acids that help break down food

A

Stomach

139
Q

The first part of the small intestine immediately beyond the stomach, leading to the jejunum

A

Duodenum

140
Q

Essential for digesting food and ridding your body of toxic substances

A

Liver

141
Q

Holds a digestive fluid called bile that’s released into your small intestine

A

Gallbladder

142
Q

Plays an essential role in converting the food we eat into fuel for the body’s cells and regulating sugar in the body

A

Pancreas

143
Q

The specialized tubular structure between the stomach and the large intestine that absorbs the nutrition from your food

A

Small intestine

144
Q

Responsible for processing indigestible food material (chyme) after most nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine

A

Large intestine

145
Q

The third portion of the small intestine, between the jejunum and the cecum

A

Ileum

146
Q

The part of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum.

A

Jejunum

147
Q

At the end of your colon and on the other side of your anal canal

A

Rectum

148
Q

The opening at the end of the alimentary canal through which solid waste matter leaves the body

A

Anus

149
Q

A small, finger-shaped organ that comes out of the first part of the large intestine

A

Appendix

150
Q

The first part of the large intestine, it receives partially digested food from the small intestine and absorbs the water and electrolytes

A

Ascending colon

151
Q

Part of the large intestine, it connects the ascending colon to the descending colon

A

Transverse colon

152
Q

Part of the large intestine, it connects the transverse colon to the sigmoid colon

A

Descending colon

153
Q

Pouch or large tubelike structure in the lower abdominal cavity that receives undigested food material from the small intestine and is considered the first region of the large intestine

A

Cecum

154
Q

Exocrine glands that make, modify and secrete saliva into the oral cavity

A

Salivary glands

155
Q

The terminal portion of the large intestine before reaching the rectum

A

Sigmoid colon

ATI TEAS (1 decks)

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