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NURS 4554 Med-Surg > ATI proctored > Flashcards

ATI proctored Flashcards

1
Q

what is Zenkers diverticulum

A

also known as a pharyngeal pouch. It is a herniation of the esophagus

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2
Q

which physical assessment sign is used to monitor magnesium levels

A

deep tendon reflexes
hyper=no reflexes
hypo=hyperreflexes

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3
Q

what are the two signs for hypocalcemia

A 
trousseaus = BP cuff
chevosteaks= cheek
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4
Q

what happens to respirations if potassium levels are to low

A

shallow r/t muscle weakness

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5
Q

magnesium and the heart

A

used to treat dysthymias such as torsades des pointes and refractory ventricular fibrillation. It can cause depressed cardiac function including heart block

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6
Q

which is one of the first signs of anaphylatic reaction

A

flushing and swollen lips

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7
Q

how is lyme disease transmitted and what is it

A

a vector borne illness transmitted by deer ticks. Starts with joint and muscle pain in stage one and continues like this throughout stage 2 and 3. If not treated this condition becomes chronic. It is treated with antibiotics

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8
Q

common side effect of verapamil

A

constipation

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9
Q

teaching for epoetin alfa

A
  1. monitor BP as it can lead to hypertensive encephalopathy 2.Take iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 b/c they are essential to the production of erythrocytes
  2. it will probably increase your appetite
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10
Q

cushing disease

A

think spongebob. big body small extremities. and fluid overload from all the steroid secretuions

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11
Q

what should cause you to call the doctor if a patient has retinal detachment

A

they tell you it looks like a curtain is closed over my eye

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12
Q

retinal detachment

A

is usually painless. Patients report sudden flashes of light or floating dark spots. It usually has a sudden onset and they do not expereince a loss in color perception (such as in cataracts)

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13
Q

s3 and s4 sounds

A

s3=ventricular gallop is caused by decreased ventricular compliance. occurs immediately following s2
s4=atrial gallop. occurs before s1 also caused by decreased ventricular compliance

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14
Q

what is a murmur

A

a sustained swishing/blowing sound caused by turbulent flow.

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15
Q

how would you describe a pericardial friction rub.

A

scratchy

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16
Q

what else other then shellfish allergies can cause a problem with contrast media

A
  1. asthma

2. allergy to eggs, milk, chocolate

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17
Q

amphotericin B SEs

A

Antifungal

  1. nephrotoxic
  2. bone marrow suppression
  3. hypo sodium, potassium, and magnesium
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18
Q

homonymous hemianopsia

A

blindness in the same visual field of both eyes caused by damage to the optic tract or occipital lobe.

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19
Q

what medications can fuck up a allergy skin test

A
  1. steroids
  2. nifedipine
  3. theophylline
  4. bblockers
  5. ace inhibiotrs
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20
Q

interesting adverse effect of morphine

A

suppression of cough leading to accumulation of fluids and urinary retention is another

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21
Q

what is cushing triad

A

increased ICP leading to 1.HTN

  1. bradycardia
  2. widened pulse pressure
22
Q

prevention of UTIs

A
  1. wear cotton underwear (improved airflow)
  2. void before and after sex
  3. drink 2-3L of water
  4. avoid baths
23
Q

how long until a TB client is no longer contangious (communicable)

A

2-3 weeks after medication therapy or 3 consecutive negative sputum cultures

24
Q

priority intervention for an actively bleeding hematoma. How do you know its bleeding

A

apply pressure to the hematoma. You know its bleeding by checking the pulse rate in the affected extremity

25
Q

what are esophageal varices

A

collateral veins that develop due to increased intrahepatic pressure. These are very fragile veins.

26
Q

gout teaching

A
  1. avoid aspirin and diuretics as they precipitate attacks leading to pain and inflammation of joints
  2. decrease purines (organ meats and shellfish)
  3. drink citrus fruits and dairy products as they increase urinary pH which decreases risk of attacks
  4. colchicine/ indomethacin/ a steroid for acute attack.
  5. allopurinol to lower uric acid
27
Q

barium teaching

A
  1. increase fluid intake to eliminate barium

2. expect chalky white stools until barium is completely eliminated (about 1-3 days)

28
Q

what is viral load

A

the concentration of virus in the blood

29
Q

what does increased creatinine clearance indicate

A

compromised renal function

30
Q

dopamine

A
  1. positive inotropic agent

2. vasopressor

31
Q

hot and cold therapy for RA

A

heat is for stiffness and pain and cold is for swelling

32
Q

what lab values are expected to be decreased in acute pancreatitis and why

A

calcium and magnesium due to fat necrosis

33
Q

main assessment finding that indicates hemolytic reaction

A
  1. low back pain
  2. hypotension
  3. tachycardia
  4. apprehension (fear/anxiety of impending doom)
34
Q

assessment finding for graft vs host disease

A

occurs within 14 days of transfusion

  1. thrombocytopenia
  2. anorexia
  3. nausea
  4. chronic hepatitis
  5. weight loss
35
Q

autonomic dysreflexia

A

occurs after a thoracic spinal cord injury resulting in constant stimulation of the nervous system leading to

  1. high BP
  2. bradycardia
  3. severe headache and flushing
36
Q

what is pernicious anemia

A

the stomach can not absorb b12 therefore you have a decrease in RBCs the main finding is glossitis

37
Q

what is glossitis

A

a smooth red tongue which indicates deficiencies in either b6, b12, zinc, niacin, or folic acid

38
Q

what do you do for clients who just underwent a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) if their urine output is low

A

irrigate the catheter to remove clots

39
Q

hypocalcemia

A

muscle cramping and tingling of extremities

40
Q

manitol side effect

A

with the expection of the brain, mannitol can leave the vascular system at the capillaries and cause EDEMA.
1.nasal congestion
2.pulmonary edema
increased diuresis is a therapueutic effect

41
Q

which electrolyte levels can decrease deep tendon reflex

A
  1. hypercalcemia

2. hypermagnesemia

42
Q

digoxin toxicity

A
  1. bradycardia
  2. Nausea
  3. anorexia
  4. visual disturbances
43
Q

radiation therapy teaching

A
  1. do not remove the ink marking, which designates the exact radiation area.
  2. gently wash the radiation area with hands using warm water and mild soap
  3. stay out of direct sunlight for 1 year after therapy is finished
  4. avoid exporing treatment area to heat.
44
Q

ginko action

A
  1. increases blood flow
  2. is able to decrease pain associated with PAD
  3. decreases platelet aggregation
45
Q

glucosamine action

A

a supplement that can

  1. reduce inflammation
    - joint pain
  2. promotes the bodies ability to make cartilage and synovial fluid
46
Q

bblockers adverse effect

A

heart failure

-watch for night cough

47
Q

nitro teaching

A

keep it away from heat, light and moisture. This is why it comes in a dark glass container with the lid tightly closed.

48
Q

radiation therapy interventions

A
  1. wear a dosimeter

2. limit visitors to 30 mins a day

49
Q

lactulose adverse effects

A

hypokalemia and hyponatremia r/t excess stool production

50
Q

what drug should you withhold prior to elective cardioverison of SVT

A

digoxin b/c it increases ventricular irritability and puts the client at risk for vfib

NURS 4554 Med-Surg (2 decks)

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