ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test Flashcards
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A school nurse is screening an 11-year old client for idiopathic scoliosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client for this examination?
A. “Lie prone on the examination table.”
B. “Touch your chin to your chest and then look up at the ceiling.”
C. “Turn to the side and remain in a relaxed position.”
D. “Bend forward from the waist with your head and arms downward.
D. “Bend forward from the waist with your head and arms downward.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse should reinforce teaching on how to use a three-point gait for which of the following clients requiring crutches?
A. A client who is able to bear full weight on both lower extremities
B. A client who has bilateral leg braces due to paralysis of lower extremities
C. A client who has a right femur fracture prescribed no weight bearing on affected leg.
D. A client who has bilateral knee replacements prescribed partial weight bearing of both legs.
C. A client who has a right femur fracture prescribed no weight bearing on affected leg.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is caring for a group of clients at a dermatology clinic. Which of the following clients is at highest risk for developing malignant melanoma?
A. A 45 year old with dark skin and regular sun exposure.
B. A 55 year old with dark skin who works indoors.
C. A 35 year old with light skin who works indoors.
D. A 65 years old with light skin and regular sun exposure.
D. A 65 years old with light skin and regular sun exposure.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is caring for a client who is in Buck’s traction. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
A. Monitor peripheral pulses in the affected extremity.
B. Position weights against the foot of the bed.
C. Adjust the prescribed weights every shift.
D. Examine the skin under the traction splint.
E. Assess the temperature of the affected extremity.
A. Monitor peripheral pulses in the affected extremity.
D. Examine the skin under the traction splint.
E. Assess the temperature of the affected extremity.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is providing instructions regarding heat therapy to a client who has cellulitis to the leg. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the understanding of the therapy.
A. “I’ll place my leg under the heat lamp for 15 min q4h during the day.”
B. “I’ll sleep with a dry heating pad on my right leg.”
C. “I’ll apply warm, moist compresses to my leg twice day.”
D. “I’ll keep my leg at the level of my heart.”
C. “I’ll apply warm, moist compresses to my leg twice day.”
Rationale:
Moist heat is recommended for cellulitis. Applying warm compresses twice daily can enhance comfort and indicates an understanding of therapy.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
Which of the following actions is potentially harmful for a nurse to perform when caring for a client who has continuous skeletal traction of the lower extremity?
A. Correct any slight outward rotation of the client’s feet.
B. Remove the traction weights for a brief period each day.
C. Ask the client to use the traction bar to lift his hips off the bed.
D. Push down on the mattress so that the client can shift his weight.
B. Remove the traction weights for a brief period each day.
Rationale:
The nurse should keep the client’s feet in a neutral position with no inward or outward rotation. Traction applies a pulling force to an injured extremity and helps immobilize and reduce the fracture. The nurse should not remove the weights as doing so can further injure the client.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is caring for a female client comes to the provider’s office for treatment of acne vulgaris on her cheeks. Which of the following should the nurse reinforce int he teaching for this client?
A. Use friction when washing the face.
B. Adhere to strict dietary reduction of foods prepared with oil.
C. Express the larger comedones periodically.
D. Use a new cosmetic pad each time she applies makeup.
D. Use a new cosmetic pad each time she applies makeup.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for outpatient surgery. The client indicates take celecoxib (Celebrex) daily. A history of the following would indicate a need for this type of medication?
A. Depression
B. Osteoarthritis
C. Infection
D. Seizures
B. Osteoarthritis
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse working in a dermatologist’s office is planning an educational session regarding skin cancer. When discussing risk factors the nurse should include which of the following (Select all that apply.)
A. Being dark-skinned. B. Age under 40 years. C. Overexposure to ultraviolet light. D. Chronic skin irritations. E. Genetic predisposition.
C. Overexposure to ultraviolet light.
D. Chronic skin irritations.
E. Genetic predisposition.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is collecting data on a client in who has been in skeletal traction for treatment of a fractured femur for 2 days. Which of the following findings indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing decreased perfusion of the affected leg?
A. Pitting edema of +2 in the involved ankle.
B. Pain rating of 8/10, with movement of the extremity.
C. Pedal pulses palpable and +1 bilaterally.
D. Capillary refill of 5 seconds in the involved foot.
D. Capillary refill of 5 seconds in the involved foot.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a parent of a child who has eczema. Which of the following should be included int he teaching?
A. Apply a cool, wet compress to the affected area.
B. Launder clothing with fabric softener.
C. Give bubble baths every day.
D. Dress in thermal clothing during the night.
A. Apply a cool, wet compress to the affected area.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is collecting data on the depth and extent of a client who has severe burns to the face, neck, and upper extremities. Which of the following factors is the first priority when assessing the severity of the burn?
A. Age of the client
B. Associated medical history
C. Location of the burn
D. Cause of the burn
C. Location of the burn
Rationale:
When using the urgent vs. non approach to care, the nurse determines the priority is to assess the location of the burns that may LEAD TO RESPIRATORY DISTRESS. The client’s cause of the burns is important in the assessment of the client’s burns, but is not the priority.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
Treatment goals for a client who has osteoarthritis are relief of pain, stiffness, and inflammation. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend to promote achievement of these goals? (Select all that apply.)
A. Weight reduction B. Aerobic exercise C. Massage therapy D. Ice baths E. Isometric exercise
A. Weight reduction
B. Aerobic exercise
C. Massage therapy
E. Isometric exercise
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client who has had some bone density loss. The nurse observes a “hunchback” curvature of the spine. The nurse should expect the provider to document which of the following disorders?
A. Scoliosis
B. Kyphosis
C. Lordosis
D. Ankylosis
B. Kyphosis
Rationale:
Kyphosis, a forward “hunchback” curvature of the spine, is an abnormal angulation of the posterior curve of the thoracic spine, usually a result of osteoporosis. It is most common in older adults and tends to increase with again. Lordosis is an exaggerated lumbar curvature or swayback. It is common with obesity and pregnancy.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is caring for a 10-month-old infant who is in a cast for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Which of the following strategies would the nurse implement to promote the infant’s growth and development?
A. Tie colorful latex balloons to the side of the crib.
B. Provide a small electronic toy.
C. Change the infant’s diaper as soon as soiling occurs.
D. Allow infant to stand in the crib.
D. Allow infant to stand in the crib.
Rationale:
The infant should not be restricted from normal activities. The infant can be held and allowed to walk in a cast or orthotic device. Allowing the child to participate in normal developmental activities will promote growth and development.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is caring for a client who has an exacerbation of gout. When collecting data from the client, which of the following joint alterations should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply)
A. Hyperemia B. Erythema C. Tophi D. Decreased mobility E. Symmetrical joint pain
A. Hyperemia
B. Erythema
C. Tophi
D. Decreased mobility
Rationale:
Hyperemia is correct. Nursing observation includes examination of the affected joints for hyperemia.
Erythema is correct. Nursing observation includes examination of the affected joints for erythema.
Tophi is correct. Nursing observation includes examination of the affected joints for tophi.
Decreased mobility is correct. Nursing observation includes examination of joints for limited mobility.
Symmetrical joint pain is correct. Symmetrical joint pain is a manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis, not gout.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is caring for an infant with diaper dermatitis. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?
A. Apply a light layer of talc with each diaper change.
B. Change to cloth diapers until the skin is healed.
C. Expose excoriated area to hot air frequently.
D. Use a moisturizers to wipe urine from the skin.
D. Use a moisturizers to wipe urine from the skin.
It is appropriate for the nurse use a moisturizer to wipe the urine from the skin. This will prevent further breakdown of the skin. Cloth diapers are not absorbent and can cause additional irritation to the skin. Talc can be dangerous if inhaled and should not be used.
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is caring for a client who has herpes zoster. Which of the following is an appropriate intervention?
A. Apply sry, sterile gauze dressings to affected areas.
B. Prepare to administer acyclovir (Zorivax)
C. Instruct family with a history of chickenpox that they are still at risk for contracting the virus.
D. Apply topical corticosteroids to the affected areas.
B. Prepare to administer acyclovir (Zorivax)
ATI - Musculoskeletal & Skin Practice Test
A nurse is talking with a client who is about to start taking methotrexate (Rhuematrex) to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse reinforce with the client?
A. Take the medication with food.
B. Add a folic acid supplement to the diet.
C. Take the medication in the morning.
D. Drink at least 2 L of water per day.
D. Drink at least 2 L of water per day.
Rationale:
Methotrexate can cause kidney damage. Adequate hydration optimizes drug excretion and helps prevent renal damage.
