ATI Meds Flashcards
Amphotericin B drug class and side effects
Antifungal
Nephrotoxicity
Hypokalemia
Hypotension
Diarrhea
Metoclopramide action and contraindication
Increase gastric motility
**Contraindicated in intestinal obstruction
Terbutaline drug class and side effect
Beta Adrenergic receptor agonist (bronchodilator)
S.e.: tachycardia
Drug of choice for acute gout attack
Colchicine
Drug of choice for chronic tophaceous gout
Allopurinol
Phenazopyridine used for
Urinary tract analgesic
Urine turn reddish-orange
Vincristine Sulfate use and side effects
Antineoplastic
Neurotoxicity
Alopecia
Stomatitis
Constipation
Desmopressin drug class
When used
Side effects
Antidiuretic and vasopressor hormone
Used in diabetes insipidus
S.e: water intoxication (headache)
Calcitonin-salmon indication and side effects
how to adm it?
Long term use for post menopausal osteoporosis
S.e: nose irritation
depress the side arms to activate the pump
Acetylcysteine drug class
pt teaching
Mucolytic
Drug can be stored in fridge for 96h
It might turn purple, it ok
*cough before begin treatment
Hydroxychloroquine drug class and side effect
Antimalarial
Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis
S.e: retinopathy
Misoprostol use and contraindications
This medication is used to prevent stomach ulcers while you take NSAIDs
Cervical ripening
Contraindications: previous C-section
**dont take while pregnant if not trying to induce labor
What not to have with a statin?
Grapefruit
How often should use estradiol cream for vaginal atrophy?
1 to 3 days per week
What to avoid when having fentanyl?
Grapefruit
Creatinine clearance normal range
100-150mL/min
decrease means renal impairment
Baclofen drug class and side effects
pt teaching
Muscle relaxant
S.e.: urinary retention, constipation,
physical dependence (NOT addiction)
**dont stop taking it suddenly
** move position slowly (due to hypotension)
INR therapeutic range
2-3
Acarbose how to take adverse effect
*With food 3 times a day
*diarrhea
What High INR causes?
Bleeding
Brompheniramine drug class and side effect
Antihistamines
S.e.: *dry mouth, nausea, dizziness and confusion
Phenytoin normal range
adverse effect
what happens if stop abruptly?
**10-20
**dysrhythmia
**seizures if stop it abruptly
How to take isoniazid? Contraindications
Empty stomach
Hepatotoxic
Zileuton drug class And side effect
Leukotriene modifier
S.e.: hepatotoxic
Herb used to treat menopausal symptoms (hot flashes)
Black cohosh
Selegiline drug class and side effect
Antidepressant (MAO inhibitor)
Drowsiness (from serotonin syndrome)
Does the MMR vaccine contain live virus?
Yes
Does the dTap vaccine contain a live virus?
No
Alosetron use/side and adverse effects/ contraindications. What to do before giving it?
Use: IBS
Side/adv effects: tachydysrhythmia, severe constipation and obstruction (that’s why pt has to sign an agreement before taking it)
What to do before and after giving a patient a patient-controled-analgesia
Have another nurse check the amount of medication before giving it to the patient.
And then check vitals every 1or 2 hours for the first 12 hours and then every 2 or 4 hours
Clozapine drug class and adverse effect
Antipsychotic (schizophrenia)
**tachypnea and tachycardia
Agranulocytosis (including low neutrophils),
**fever
Dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, myocarditis
Morphine
When does respiratory depression is notice? When does the drug peak? Rate of administration
Respiratory depression is noted in 7 minutes.
The drug peaks in 20 minutes.
A bolus should be given over 4-5 minutes.
Who should not take a combination oral contraceptive?
Someone with history of liver disease
Oxytocin goal.
How often contractions should be and last
Contractions every 2-3 minutes lasting from 45 to 60 seconds
What to do when hanging an IV med that is incompatible with another IV med that is being given?
Stop infusion (clamp it)
Choose a port that is nearest to the patient
Flush the tubing with 10mL before and after the med administration
How to take sucralfate?
How long is the treatment?
What does it do?
1 hour before meals and at bedtime
treatment last 4 to 8 weeks
**Take at least 30 min apart from antiacids **
You can crush it (its a large tablet)
forms a gel like barrier to Protect gastric ulcers
Statin that can be taken with grapefruit (usually statins cannot be taken with it)
Pravastatin
When should statins be taken?
At night.
Synthesis of cholesterol increases at night
Interleukin 2 Deus class and adverse effects
biologic response modifier (BRM) immunotherapy in câncer
A.e.: capillary leak syndrome and acute pulmonary edema
Meperidine drug class and dosage
Opioid
50mg every 3 to 4 hours
not to exceed 600mg
Zolpidem drug class and adverse effect
Sedative-Hypnotic - GABA-Receptor Modulators
Dizziness
Gentamicin side effects
peak time
Nephrotoxicity (proteinuria)
Hypokalemia (not hypoglycemia)
impaired hearing
apnea at high doses
***1h after IM injection
30 min after IV infusion
Budesonide drug class
corticosteroids
Cycloplegia
Blurred vision
Tobramycin normal range
5-10mcg/ml
adm the medication if within level
Hydrochlorothiazide treat….
adverse effect
diabetes insipidus
muscle weakness
Dantrolene drug class and contraindication
skeletal muscle relaxant
**contraindication: hx of liver disease (its hepatotoxic)
Sumatriptan drug class and contraindication
expected adverse effect
Migraine Therapy - Selective Serotonin Agonists 5-HT(1)
**contraindicated in heart disease (because it causes vasoconstriction and coronary vasospasm)
**a.e.: chest pressure
Dinoprostone drug class
how is it adm?
how long it last?
pt teaching
Cervical Ripening Agents - Prostaglandin Analogs
vaginal pouch
***lie on your back for at least 2 hours after insertion
last for 12 h
Carbamazepine drug class
How to take it?
pt teaching
Anticonvulsant -
with food
dont change dose w/o contacting provider
**decrease effectiviness of oral contraceptives
Levodopa drug class
pt teaching
anti parkinson’s
a full therapeutic effect might take months
Varicella vaccine not for ppl with alergy to?
gelatin
Influenza vaccine not for ppl with allergy to?
eggs
Ezetimibe drug class
adverse effect
Antihyperlipidemic - Selective Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor
**hepatotoxic
Heparin what pump to use when giving it IV
electronic pump to avoid change in rate of infusion
Levonorgestrel IUD adverse effect
amenorrhea
**spotting between menses
Adverse effect allopurinol
What sx prompts you to stop taking it?
kidney injury (take lots of fluids)
fever (stop taking it)
contraindication to receiving a vaccine now
**moderate illness
ceftriaxone drug class
contraindication
cephalosporin antibiotic
allergy to penicillin
Linezolid drug class
adverse effect
antibiotic
neuropathy (*paresthesia)
Memantine drug class
contraindication
Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy - NMDA Receptor Antagonists
ppl with renal problems (since it is excreted through the kidneys)
Oral contraceptive
sign that the pt is experiencing low estrogen in the OC?
spotting
pegloticase drug class
when prescribed?
route?
pt teaching
Hyperuricemia Therapy - Urate-Oxidase Enzyme-Type
when allopurinol didnt work
IV
**take an nsaid if you experience a flare up
Omeprazole drug class
when to take and for how long
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
**before breakfast
no more than 1 to 2 months
Ergotamine use
adverse effect
contraindication
for migraines
**physical dependence
c: pregnancy
Spironolactone adverse effect
*Gynecomastia
hirsutism
impotence
irregular cycles
Phenelzine
pt teaching. what to avoid.
Antidepressant - MAO Inhibitor Nonselective and Irreversible-Types A, B
foods with tyramine (luncheon meat and cheese, smoked salmon, pepperoni)
Glucocorticoids side effects
hyperglycemia
**osteoporosis
**peptic ulcer
risk of gi bleed if taken with NSAID
Theophylline side effects
**tremors (CNS stimulant)
diarrhea
tachycardia
Cyclosporin and tacrolimus drug class
consideration
immunosuppressive
do not take it together
estrogen + progestin use in menopausal woman. why?
treat urogenital atrophy
fluticasone long term side effects
adrenal insufficiency (anorexia and weakness)
Which benzo use for alcohol withdrawal?
Chlordiazepoxide
amlodipine drug class and side effects
Calcium Channel Blockers - Dihydropyridines
*dizziness
*palpitations
*edema
When give morphine PO when ambulating a pt?
60 to 90 minutes prior
etonogestrel
route
what reduces it’s effects?
Contraceptive Implant - Progestin
subdermal
**st. john’s wort
etanercept drug class
what should the nurse review prior administration?
DMARD - Anti-inflammatory (for RA)
TB test (pt is at risk for infections)
depot medroxyprogesterone acetate when to take after giving birth?
**after 6 weeks if breastfeeding or
5 days post partum if not breastfeeding
feverfew used for…..?
migraines.
it’s an herb
enteric coated meds benefits
Less GI effects
sertraline and St. John’s wort
do not take tham together
med reconciliation
provide the pt and next provider with a list of meds the pt will take after the discharge
long acting insulin nursing consideration
do not mix it with other insulins
bethanecol drug class
Urinary Retention Therapy - Parasympathomimetic Agents
How to store insulin
open
unopen
**unopen: fridge up to the exp. date
open: room temp. up to 1 month from expiration date
TSH normal range
0.3-5 (high in hypothyroidism)
estradiol patch where to apply it?
abdomen
Doxycycline drug class
side effect
Tetracycline Antibiotics
** photosensitivity
valproic acid drug class
side effects
Bipolar Therapy Agents - Anticonvulsant
**hepatotoxic and
**alter coagulation
chlorpromazine drug class and adverse effect
antipsychotic
a.e.: tardive dyskinesia (involuntary tongue movement
orthostatic hypotensio
warfarin therapeutic range
2-3
chronic use of salicylates cause?
hearing loss
hydrocortisone pt teaching
carry supply of pills and single use injectable for when you need more (stress)
When to take calcium when taking Levothyroxine, too?
Take calcium 4 hours after Levothyroxine
What to give a pt with a new diagnosis of RA?
NSAID (celecoxib)
28 days cycle oral contraceptive pt teaching
you can miss up to 7 pills with little risk as long as you have been taken the pills regularly for the past 3 weeks
easiest asthma med delivery method for pt with arthritis
DPI
Brimonidine drug class and expected effect
alpha adrenergic agonists.
decreased intraocular pressure
Kawasaki syndrome treatment with intravenous immuneglobulin and MMR vaccine
take the vaccine 3 months after treatment with the globulins
how to reduce prednisone side effect?
take it in alternate days
what med to give to a pt in Afib?
diltiazem
clomiphene expected effect
follicular enlargement and conversion to corpus luteum after ovulation
Amitriptyline drug class and what test to perform before giving it]
when to take it?
tricyclic antidepressants
*EKG
*before bed (due to sedation)
*orthostatic BP
omeprazolene adverse effect
diarrhea
Dobutamine drug class and expected effect
inotropic agent
increased cardiac outpu
propranolol and albuterol interaction type
detrimental inhibitory interaction
tizanidine drug class
adverse effect
skeletal muscle relaxants.
a.e: hepatotoxic
mucolytic agent adverse effect
bronchospasm
Methotrexate adverseeffect
thrombocytopenia
disulfiram used for?
pt teaching
used for alcohol abuse
teach pt to check even skin care products for the presence of alcohol
risk factor for vitamin D deficiency
obesity
lamotrigine drug class
priority adverse effect
anticonvulsant
**rash (steven Johnson’s syndrome)
Rotavirus vaccine contraindication
history of intussusception
donepezil drug class
when to take
cholinesterase inhibitors (for alzheimers)
**late evening, before bed
bleomycin drug class
adverse effect
cytotoxic chemotherapy
severe lung injury
What to take when experiencing tardive dyskenesia due to Chlorpromazine administration?
amantadine (antidyskinetic medicine)
used in parkinson
pioglitazone drug class
pt teaching
thiazolidinediones (increase insulin sensitivity)
*can be taken when using insulin
PO morphine peak
60-90 minutes
Spinal anesthesia adverse effect
hypotension
lithium pt teaching
can develop lithium toxicity if pt has diarrhea or vomiting
diphenoxylate atropine drug class
antimotility drug class
scopolamine drug class
how to use
antimuscarinics (motion sickness)
*apply patch behind ear
what to avoid when taking sirolimus?
grapefruit
qt interval medication adverse effect
bradycardia
insulin infusion pump teaching
use a short duration insulin
This medication increases the risk of asthma related death
salmeterol
Omalizumab mechanism of action
it reduces IgE on mast cells
nitroprusside nursing consideration
regulate the infusion rate according to the pt’s weight
Patient controlled anesthesia action
keep opioid levels steady
IM Needle length for an obese pt?
1.5 in
medication used in cardioversion
diltiazem
what to do before giving iron dextran?
adm a small test dose before giving the full dose (because of risk of anaphylatics)
imipenem drug class
adverse effect
carbapenem antibiotics
seizures
agonist medication action
binds to receptors and mimic regulatory molecules
lidocaine patch how to use
apply to intact skin
PTT reference range
60-80
sulfasalazine drug class
what to check prior the administraton?
anti-inflammatory
CBC (due to bone marrow suppression)
AST normal range
10-40
Cyclosporin adverse effect
high blood pressure
prednisone adverse effect
gastric ulcer
famotidine pt teaching
med is less effective for smokers
cefotetan drug class and adverse effect
antibiotic
a.e.: bleeding (it affects vit K levels)
fluoxetine when can you see the benefits?
within a few days
hydroxyzine adverse effect
antihistamine
dry mouth
varenicline drug class
adverse effect
smoking cessation aid
mood changes
zidovudine drug class
priority adverse effect
anti retroviral
reduced hemoglobin
fexofenadine drug classnursing considerations
antihistamine
for ppl over 12 yo
** kids 7yp shouldnt take the standard dose
What not to take with opioids?
whatever depresses respirations
**lorazepam (benzo)
growth hormone facts
***given SQ
child grow 1-2 inches
therapy lasts 4-6 years
adm 6-7 times per week
telavancin drug class
adverse effect
antibiotic
pruritus
interferon adverse effect
body aches
tetracycline pt teaching
limit dairy
Chenodiol drug class
nursing consideration
Gallstone Solubilizing Agents.
** check liver function test (hepatotoxic)
medication used to determine the presence of adrenal insufficiency
cosyntropin
ticarcillim-clavulanate what to check before giving it
penicillin
BUN and creatinine (med is excreted by kidneys0
?what to report when taking metformin
myalgia (sign of lactic acidosis)
sodium phosphate adverse effect
laxative
electrolytes imbalance
why give epinephrine with lidocaine?
*to delay systemic absorption of lidocaine
epinephrine decreases local blood flow (through vasoconstriction), which delays systemic absorption
doxazosin drug class
adverse effect
alpha blocker - anti HTN
hypotensio
erythromycin adverse effect
diarrhea
tiotropium adverse effects
dry mouth
