ATI CH 1 (contraception)

Question 1

What is the definition of coitus interruptus?

Answer 1

Man withdrawals penis from vagina prior to ejaculation.

of the leakage of fluid that contains spermatozoa prior to ejaculation can be deposited into the vagina.

Question 2

What is the definition of the calendar method of contraception?

Answer 2

A woman records her cycle by calculating her fertile period based on the assumption that ovulation occurs about 14 days before the onset of the next cycle; and avoids intercourse during that period.

Question 3

How is the start of the fertile period determined?

Answer 3

By subtracting 18 days from the # of days in the woman’s shortest cycle.

Question 4

How is the end of the fertile period established?

Answer 4

By subtracting 11 days from the # of days of of the longest cycle.

Question 5

What is the definition of basal body temperature (BBT)?

Answer 5

Temperature drops slightly at the time of ovulation. This can be used to facilitate conception OR as a natural contraception.
( measure oral temp before getting OOB each morning.)

Question 6

What is the definition of symptom based method of cervical mucus?

Answer 6

Following ovulation, the cervical mucus becomes thin and flexible under the influence of estrogen and progesterone to allow for Sperm viability and motility. The ability for the mucus to stretch between the fingers is greatest during ovulation.

Question 7

What is the definition of a diaphragm and spermicide?

Answer 7

A dome shaped cup with a flexible rim Made of latex or silicone that fits snugly over the cervix with spermicidal cream or gel placed into the dome and around the rim.

Question 8

What are client instructions regarding a diaphragm and spermicide?

Answer 8

1. It should be fitted properly by a provider.
2. Must be refitted Q 2 yrs, or if there is a 15lb wt. change, full term pregnancy, or second term abortion.
3. The diaphragm must remain in place 6 hr after coitus.
   Spermicide must be reapplied with each act of coitus.
4. Empty bladder prior to insertion of the diaphragm.

Question 9

What is a client teaching regarding condoms?

Answer 9

Only water soluble lubricants should be used with latex condoms to prevent condom leakage.

Question 10

What is the definition of combined oral contraceptives?

Answer 10

Hormonal contraception containing estrogen and progestin, which acts by suppressing ovulation, thickening cervical mucus to block semen, and altering the uterine decidua to prevent implantation.

Question 11

What S&S should a client be educated on regarding combined oral contraceptives?

Answer 11

Chest pain, SOB, leg pain from a possible clot, headache, eye problems from a stroke, or HTN.

Question 12

What is the definition of the mini pill?

Answer 12

Oral progestins that provide the same action as combined oral contraceptives.

Question 13

What are client instructions of the mini pill?

Answer 13

Take at the same time daily to ensure effectiveness secondary to a low dose of progestin.
A client cannot miss a dose of the pill.
Client may need another form of birth control during the first month of use to prevent pregnancy.

Question 14

What are advantages of the mini pill?

Answer 14

It has fewer side effects when compared with a combined oral contraceptive
It is considered safe during breastfeeding.

Question 15

What are the disadvantages of the mini pill

Answer 15

Less effective in suppressing ovulation than combined oral contraceptives.
The mini pill increases the occurrence of ovarian cysts.
It increases appetite
Users report breakthrough, irregular, vaginal bleeding and decreased libido.

Question 16

What is a possible complication of oral contraceptives?

Answer 16

The effectiveness decreases when taking medications that affect liver enzymes such as anticonvulsants and some antibiotics.

Question 17

What is the definition is emergency oral contraceptives

Answer 17

Morning after pill that prevents fertilization from taking place
It is taken within 72 hr of unprotected coitus
An OTC antiemetic is recommended to counteract the side effects of nausea that can occur with high doses of estrogen and progestin

Question 18

What is the definition of the transdermal contraceptive patch

Answer 18

Contains norelgestromin ( progesterone)and ethinyl estradiol, which is delivered at a continuous levels thru the skin into subcutaneous tissue.

Requires patch replacement once a week, reapplied of the same same day of each week skipping the fourth week.

Question 19

What is the definition of injectable progestins ( depo provera)

Answer 19

An IM injection given Q 11-13 weeks

Start of the injection should be during the first 5 days of a woman’s menstrual cycle
Start of the injection should begin within 5 days of delivery
Start of the injection should be given to breastfeeding woman the 6 th week postpartum.

Question 20

What should the client be educated on regarding depo provera?

Answer 20

Maintain an adequate level of calcium and vit D.
Can prolong amenorrhea, or the person can experience irregular or unpredictable bleeding or spotting. The risk of thromboembolism is increased.
Should only be used as a long term contraceptive ( more than 2 yrs)
Avoid massaging the injection site to avoid accelerating the medication which will shorten its effectiveness.

Question 21

What is the definition of the vaginal ring ( NUVARING)

Answer 21

Contains etonogestrel and ethinyl estradiol that is delivered at continous levels vaginally.

It requires ring replacement Q 3 weeks and placement of a new vaginal ring within 7 days. Insertion should occur on the same day of the week monthly

Question 22

What are possible complication of the NUVARING?

Answer 22

Blood clots, HTN, stroke, heart attack

Vaginal irritation, increased vaginal secretions, headache, wt. gain, and nausea.

Question 23

What is the definition of abstinence?

Answer 23

Abstaining from having sexual intercourse.

Question 24

What is the rhythm method of abstinence?

Answer 24

Refraining from sex during fertile periods

Question 25

Condoms are usually used with which type of lubricant?

Answer 25

Water soluble lubricants

Question 26

What are some facts about IUD’s?

Answer 26

1. It may increase the risk for a ectopic pregnancy
2. clients should have at least 1 child to be a candidate to receive.
3. It may cause irregular vaginal bleeding
4. A change in the length of string may indicate expulsion and SHOULD BE REPORTED TO THE PROVIDER!

Question 27

What 2 supplements should be taken when a person is prescribed dept-provera?

Answer 27

Calcium and vitamin D; to prevent loss of bone density!

Question 28

What should a person report immediately while taking depo-provera?

Answer 28

Chest pain or SOB which may indicate a PE or MI!

Question 29

What are disadvantages do taking the mini pill

Answer 29

1. irregular vaginal bleeding
2. Increased appetite
3. Decreased libido
4. Occurrence of ovarian cysts