ATI

Question 1

Palatine tonsils
Pharyngeal tonsils

Answer 1

Palatine - both sides of oropharynx, removed during tonsillectomy
Pharyngeal - aka adenoids and removed in an adenoidectomy

Question 2

TONSILLITIS
Expected findings
Lab test
Meds

Answer 2

-Mouth breathing, snoring, nasal voice, fever, tonsil inflamm
Lab - Throat culture for group a Beta hemolytic streptococci
Meds - acetaminophen, antipyretics, antibiotics

Question 3

TONSILLECTOMY
Postop assess
Diet
Instruction

Answer 3

Post - assess for bleeding (freq swallowing, clearing throat, restlessness, bright red emsis, tachycardia, pallor)
Diet - CLear liquids, avoid red colored liquids, citrus juice and milk based food initially
Instruction - Discourage coughin, throat clearing, nose blowing

Question 4

What other diseases can children develop if they freq have tonsillitis?

Answer 4

Rheumatic fever and kidney infection

Question 5

NASOPHARYNGITIS
Define
Assessment
Care

Answer 5

-Aka common cold: 4-14 days
Assess: Nasal inflamm/dry, fever. decreased appetite
Care: rest, antipyretic, decongestants for children over 6
**DO NOT Give antihisatmines or antibiotics

Question 6

ACUTE STREPTOCOCCAL PHARYNGITIS
Define
Assessment
Care

Answer 6

• INfection of upper airway (strep throat)
• Assess: abrupt onset, pharyngitis, headache, fever, adn ab pain
• Care: antibiotics, antipyretics

Question 7

BRONCHITIS (TRACHEOBRONCHITIS)
Define
ASsess
Care

Answer 7

-Upper respiratiry infection and inflammation of large airways
Assess: Persistent dry hacking cough
Care: Cough suppressant, antipyretics, humidity

Question 8

BRONCHIOLITIS
Define
Assess
Care

Answer 8

-Mostly caused by RSV, Affects bronchi and bronchioles
Assess:
1 - fever, coughing sneezing ,ear or eye infection
2- Increased coughing/sneezing, fever tachypnea, retractions, copious secretions
3 - Tachypnea (70+) apneic spells, poor air exchange, cyanosis
Care - Oxygen, fluids, meds, suctioning

Question 9

ALLERGIC RHINITIS
define
Assess
care

Answer 9

-Seasonal reaction to allergens
Assess: Watery rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, itchy, fatique, headache
Care: Avoid allergens, corticosteriods, antihistamines, decongestants, ipratropium

Question 10

BACTERIA PNEUMONIA
Define
Assess
Care

Answer 10

Assess: high fever, cough, tachypnea, retractions, chest pain, pale, ab pain
Care:
Viral - 02, antipyretic, CPT and postural drainage
Bacteral - rest, antibiotics, antipyretics, cpt, postural drainage, 02

Question 11

Pneumothorax
define
Assess
care

Answer 11

Air in pleural space
Assess: Dyspnea, chest pain, back pain, labored respirations, decreased 02 sat, tachycardia
Care: needle aspiration with chest tube

Question 12

PLEURAL EFFUSION
Define
ASsess
Care

Answer 12

Fluid in pleural space
ASsess: dyspnea, pain, labored, decreased 02, tachycardia
Care: Needle aspiration with chest tube

Question 13

CROUP SYNDROMES: BACTERIAL EPIGLOTTITIS
Define
Assess
Care

Answer 13

-Haemophilus influenza
ASsess: absence of cough, drooling, agitiation, sitting upright with chin out, mouth opened and tounge protruding, Dysphonia and dysphagia
Care: Intubation, corticosteriods, fluids, antibitoics, dropletp precuations

Question 14

ASTHMA
Define
Assessemnt
Diagnostic tests

Answer 14

• Chronic inflam disorder of airways / bronchioles
• Mast cells release histamines and leukotrienes which cause inflammtion
• Assess: CHest tight, Dyspena, cough,wheezing, mucus
• Diagnostic: Pulmonary function tests, Peak expiratory flow rates, bronchoprovocation test, skin prick test, chest xray

Question 15

ASTHMA categories
INtermittent
Mild persistent
Moderate persistent
Severe

Answer 15

Intermittent: 0-2X/week.
Mild - +2x/week but not daily
Moderate: daily
Severe Continually