Athletic Injuries: Spinal Column

Question 1

Kyphosis

Answer 1

increased thoracic curve rounded shoulder appearance associated with forward head posture

Question 2

forward head posture

Answer 2

kyphotic posture with compensatory change in position of head/neck

Question 3

flatback posture

Answer 3

caused by decreased lumbar curve and increased posterior pelvic tilt and hip flexion

Question 4

swayback posture

Answer 4

anterior shifting of entire pelvis resulting in hip extension

Question 5

lordosis

Answer 5

increased curve in the lumbar spine and increase both in anterior tilt of pelvis and in hip flexion

Question 6

scoliosis

Answer 6

lateral curvature of spine can be functional or structural

Question 7

Brachial plexus test

Answer 7

lateral flexion application of pressure on head and shoulder to recreate injury to brachial plexus

Question 8

Cervical Compression/Spurlings test

Answer 8

axial compression of the cervical spine to compres facet joints and nerve roots determines which nerve root has been injured

Question 9

Vertebral artery test

Answer 9

AT extends laterally bends and rotates the cervical spine in the same direction to test for dizzyness or abnormal eye movement

Question 10

Slump test

Answer 10

assess pain in spine from multible positions to test neural tension

Question 11

Kernig’s test

Answer 11

Pt is supine with knee and hip flexed to 90 degress looking for nerve root impingement

Question 12

Brudzinski’s test

Answer 12

pt supine flexing the neck to indicate lumbar disk or nerve root irritation

Question 13

Miligram test

Answer 13

lumbar nerve root test

Question 14

Hoover test

Answer 14

can indicate malingering

Question 15

Bowstring test

Answer 15

used to determine sciatic nerve irritation

Question 16

FABER and FADIR tests

Answer 16

flexion, adduction and external rotation test for inguinal hip regiond
flexion adduction and internal rotation for lumbar pathology

Question 17

Knees to chest test

Answer 17

lumbar spine test

Question 18

cervical fractures

Answer 18

uncommon, often result of axial loading, immediate stabilization

Question 19

cervical dislocation

Answer 19

uncommon, result of violent flexion and rotaton

Question 20

cervical sprain (whiplash)

Answer 20

violent flexion, extension and rotation

Question 21

Acute Torticollis (wryneck)

Answer 21

stiffneck or acute cervical joint lock, small piece of synovial membran is impinged causing spasm

Question 22

Cervical spine stenosis

Answer 22

syndrome characterized by a narrowing of the spinal canal in the cervical region that can impinge the cord

Question 23

Brachial Plexus Neuropraxia (burner/stinger)

Answer 23

disruption of nerve function without degeneration disrupts peripheral nerves

Question 24

Scheuermann’s disease (dorsolumbar kyphosis

Answer 24

kyphosis that results from wedge fractures of 5 degrees or greater in three or more consecutive vertebral bodies associate with disk space abnormalities

Question 25

Myofascial pain syndrome

Answer 25

defined as regional pain with referred pain to a specific area due to trigger points within a specific muscle