Atherosclerosis Flashcards
1
Q
Epidemiology of atheroma:
A
Ischaemic heart disease and stroke count for 1/3 of all deaths
Risk factors:
- Cigarettes
- Hypertension
- Hyperlipidemia (HDL good LDL bad)
- Diabetes
- Old age (starts to develop at age 1)
- Sex (males)
- Genetics
2
Q
Pathogenesis of atheroma:
Common injury sites & the process
A
Endothelial injury and anything that increases endothelial cell injury
Common injury sites:
- Turbulent blood flow
- Branching sites
- Doesn’t effect random areas
Process:
1. Primary endothelial injury
2. Accumulation of lipids and macrophages (monocytes enter intima becoming macrophage)
3. Migration of smooth muscle
4.Increases in size
3
Q
Arterial stenosis:
A
4
Q
Arterial thrombosis:
A
5
Q
Aneurysm:
A
6
Q
Dissection:
A
7
Q
Embolism:
A
