AT Practical Flashcards
1
Q
steps to conscious spinal assessment
A
- introduce yourself
- block head
- AVPU
- ABCs
- ask for history
- get someone else to hold head while you do visual and tactile scan of body
- check for CSF, blood, fracture, soft tissue injury
- ask for symptoms (pain, sensation and motor)
- palpate c-spine (pain=emergency)
- if unwilling to move activate EAP
- log roll onto spinal board
2
Q
steps to unconscious spinal assessment
A
- introduce yourself
- block head
- AVPU and ABC
- activate EAP when notice unconscious
- try to stimulate consciousness by pinching traps
- monitor vitals, signs and symptoms until ambulance arrives
3
Q
steps to concussion assessment
A
- introduce yourself
- block head
- UABC
- ask history and MOI (whiplash, impact, rotation+impact)
- rule out spinal fracture by asking for symptoms, checking sensory and motor responses and palpating c-spine)
- check for CSF, blood, fractures and soft tissue injury
- check cognitive signs (confusion, memory)
- check symptoms (headache, balance, nausea)
- check physical signs (poor coordination, personality change)
- if ONE symptom NO RTP
4
Q
history for SCAT 6
A
- have you had a concussion before? how many?
- when was your last concussion
- what symptoms did you have?
- how long was concussion recovery?
5
Q
when do you not need to do a SCAT 6?
A
if they already had one symptom of concussion and bad MOI
6
Q
when do you receive medical attention for a concussion?
A
- positive observable signs (motionless, gait/balance, confusion and disorientation, etc.)
- Glascow coma scale of <15 (assess visual, verbal and motor response)
- neck pain, tenderness or loss of ROM (spinal immobilization and collar)
- coordination and ocular/motor screen (look side-to-side and up-and-down without double vision)
- memory assessment/maddocks question score of <5 (where are we, which half is it)
- vomiting more than twice
7
Q
steps for on-field SCAT 6
A
- athlete history (past head injury and diagnosis)
- rate symptome (1=mild, 6=severe)
- do symptoms worsen with PA and MA
- ask why they dont feel 100%
8
Q
steps for sideline SCAT 6
A
- cognitive screening
- coordination and balance
- delayed recall
- calculate total cognitive score
- make decision
9
Q
cognitive screening for SCAT 6
A
- orientation: where are you, what day is it
- immediate memory: what words do you remember from this list of words (3 trials)
- concentration: repeat these letters in reverse order and months in reverse order (30 secs is good)
10
Q
coordination and balance for SCAT 6
A
- stand on one leg with eyes closed
- walk heel-to-toe in a straight line as fast as possible
- dual-cognitive task (walk heel-to-toe while counting backwards from 100 by 7)
11
Q
delayed recall for SCAT 6
A
how many words can you remember from the list earlier
12
Q
steps for splinting extremities
A
- fracture testing (gentle palpation, tapping/vibration, compression)
- if positive splint
- check CMS
- splint in position they’re found in unless they’re comfy to move then stabilize
- splint joint above and below injury
- tie with splint at joints above and below
- check CMS again
13
Q
when do you not splint
A
1.. open wounds
2. loss of CMS
3. fractures to femur, upper tibia, upper humerus, spine, head
4. when athlete is going into shpock
5. when athlete refuses
14
Q
steps for log rolls
A
- put on collar
- one person on torso - 1 hand shoulder and 1 hand lateral hip
- one person hips/legs - 1 hand lateral hip, 1 hand legs
- charge person holds head and directs when to lift athlete
- lift at same time and position athlete on center of board
- if not centred there “V” or “W” slide on charge persons count
- strap in knees, hips, and nips
- sling ankles and knees to spinal board
- put guards at head over charge persons hands
- forehead and chin strap on and tightened equally
- when secure charge person can remove hand
***If pain or resistance lay the athlete back donw and reassess
15
Q
what do you do if you have no collar or spinal board?
A
call 911
