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science > Astronomy Unit > Flashcards

Astronomy Unit Flashcards

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1
Q

Universe?

A

everything that physically exists (the entirely space/time and all the forms of matter/energy)

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2
Q

celestial Object?

A

object that we can see in the sky of our atmosphere

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3
Q

Astronomy?

A

study of the universe and the objects in it

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4
Q

Astronomer?

A

person that study astronomy

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5
Q

Solar System

A

the planets and the celestial object that orbit around the sun

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6
Q

Astronomical Unit

A

the measurements of units that equal the average distances between the sun and earth

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7
Q

Light years

A

the distance of a beam of light that can travel around in one year

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8
Q

Asteroid Belt

A

region of rocky debris that orbit around the sun

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9
Q

NEED TO KNOW ORDER OF PLANETS

A

mercury, venus, earth, mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune

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10
Q

Galaxy

A

a collection of billion of stars (ice and dust)

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11
Q

Milky Way Galaxy

A

consist of all the stars we can see

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12
Q

Black Hole

A

region in space where gravity is so strong then nothing, not even light can escape

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13
Q

Dark Matter

A

matter in the universe that is invisible because it can interact with light

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14
Q

3 Galaxy Shapes

A

spiral,
Elliptical: football shaped
irregular: without a regular shape

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15
Q

Rotation

A

one complete spin of Earth on its axis creating day and night

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16
Q

Revolution

A

one complete orbit of earth around the sun, creating season revolution (1 year)

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17
Q

Expanding Universe

A

no matter what galaxy you happen to be in, all the other galaxies are moving away from you.

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18
Q

Big Bang Theory

A

the universe formed when a dense point expanded in a single moment

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19
Q

star formation
nebula
small stars
massive stars
supernovas

A

nebula: A nebula is a giant cloud of dust and gas in space.
small stars: Small stars expand, cool and change colour to become a red giant.
Then they become a white dwarf
massive stars: huge stars that harbor heavy elements that are vital for the formation of galaxies.
supernova: the explosion of a star in which the star may reach a maximum intrinsic luminosity one billion times that of the sun

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20
Q

constellations

A

A group of stars seen as forming a figure or design in the sky

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21
Q

aurora borealis

A

aka northern lights the aurora borealis, or northern lights, was studied by ancient Roman and Greek astronomers.

22
Q

nuclear fusion

A

the process by which two light atomic nuclei combine to form a single heavier one while releasing massive amounts of energy.

23
Q

corona

A

outer layer

24
Q

core

A

Inner part nuclear fusion occurs when turning g small amount to huge energy

25
Q

suns spots

A

darker and cooler regions around area

26
Q

solar flares

A

Massive explosion that happens into space

27
Q

solar wind

A

The Sun releases a constant stream of particles and magnetic fields called the solar wind.

28
Q

inner planets

A

The inner planets are made up mostly of rock.

29
Q

asteroid belt

A

region of rocky debris that orbit around the sun found between mars and Jupiter.

30
Q

outer planets

A

The outer planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

31
Q

comets

A

frozen leftovers from the formation of the solar system composed of dust, rock, and ices

32
Q

meteor vs meteorite

A

meteor: streak of light seen with a meteoroid heats up in the atmosphere
meteorite: meteor fragment that reaches the ground

33
Q

asteroids

A

rocky body smaller then a planet that orbits the sun.

34
Q

sun

A

The sun is an white dwarf in our solar system. The star around which the earth orbits.

35
Q

mercury

A

surface similar to the moon how no atmosphere, so no protection from meteoroids as asteroids, comets.

36
Q

venus

A

similar to earth’s in size, mass and gravity thick clouds made of c02 cause huge greenhouse effect, often rains sulphuric acid

37
Q

earth

A

only planet appropriate distance from sun to support life and where water exists in all 3 states. Atmosphere protection from uV radiation.

38
Q

mars

A

iron oxides surface give it red/orange colour. atmosphere is very thin and made of mainly c02. has extinct volcanoes.

39
Q

jupiter

A

gas giant made of hydrogen and helium. the great red spot is a huge storm in the atmosphere. contains over 2x mass of all other planets combined

40
Q

saturn

A

has over 1000 rings made of ice and dust. very fast rotation gives it wind speed. o0ver 1000km/h. made of hydrogen and helium.

41
Q

uranus

A

a gas giant made of hydrogen and helium.methane in the atmosphere gives it its blue colour. has a huge ring system

42
Q

neptune

A

a gas giant made of hydrogen, helium and methane (also blue) has a small ring system. fastest wind in the solar system.

43
Q

Earth season and days

A

rotation to turn takes 24 hours or 1 day
revolution go around takes 365 days or 1 year.

44
Q

tides

A

The gravitational pull of the moon and sun on earths oceans, causes the water bodies to bulge on both sides of earth. The two bulges result in to high tides and to low tides every day.

45
Q

International space station

A

A place where astronauts can live and perform experience in space the largest spacecraft ever built.

46
Q

Canadarm

A

Device that can move astronaut as they work in outer space or move others space or move an object in space with fingers

47
Q

spinoff

A

A spinoff is a secondary beneficial effect of a thing or activity.

48
Q

Satellite

A

Something that orbits, a planet e.g. for the moon is a satellite of earth

49
Q

artificial satellite

A

Device placed in orbit around earth, or aother celestial body

50
Q

Global positioning system

A

Most widely available, tracking device relies on a group of satellites that transmit microwave signals

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