astronomy quiz 1 review

Question 1

4 forces present during Big Bang

Answer 1

1) Weak nuclear forces
2) Strong nuclear forces
3) Gravity
4) Electromagnetism

Question 2

Evidence supporting the Big Bang (2)

Answer 2

1) Galaxies are still moving away from each other (redshift) due to force from initial collision
2) There are still traces of leftover heat (supposedly from the Big Bang) in space (cosmic background radiation)

Question 3

Relationship between distance between galaxies & rate of expansion

Answer 3

The farther away galaxies are (from each other), the faster they move apart.

Question 4

5 stages of star formation

Answer 4

1) Nebula (cloud of dust & gas) forms
2) Gravity condenses nebula into protostar
3) Nuclear fusion occurs as heat & pressure increases (becomes main sequence star)
4) Expands into a red giant/supergiant due to dwindling supply of hydrogen

Question 5

Death of a small/medium star

Answer 5

1) Red giant as hydrogen is running out
2) Planetary nebula (outer parts of star drift into space)
3) What remains (the core) is a white dwarf
4) Becomes a black dwarf as all hydrogen is used up

Question 6

Death of a large star

Answer 6

1) Red supergiant as hydrogen is running out
2) Supergiant suddenly explodes (called a supernova)
Either can happen next:
3) Remaining material may form a neutron star
4) OR Extremely large stars will become black holes

Question 7

Meteoroid

Answer 7

Piece of rock/debris in space

Question 8

Meteorite

Answer 8

Meteor that has stricken Earth’s surface

Question 9

Meteor

Answer 9

Meteoroid that has passed through Earth’s atmosphere