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Astronomy > Astronomy Exam 4 Section 7-11 > Flashcards

Astronomy Exam 4 Section 7-11 Flashcards

1
Q

All asteroids all orbit between Mars and Jupiter, true or false?

A

False

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2
Q

Comets come from the asteroid belt, true or false?

A

False

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3
Q

How many dwarf planets do we know of in our solar system?

A

5

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4
Q

Earth is the largest planet, true or false?

A

False

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5
Q

We know of no planets outside our solar system, true or false? 

A

False

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6
Q

How many planets are in our solar system?

A

8

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7
Q

Meteor rights come from the asteroid belt, true or false?

A

True

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8
Q

Meteors come from the asteroid belt, true or false?

A

True

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9
Q

Most moons, orbit planets, true or false?

A

False

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10
Q

The Oort cloud objects formed out past the Kuiper Belt, true or false?

A

False

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11
Q

The smallest planets are still larger than the biggest moons, true or false?

A

False

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12
Q

Our Sun is powered by fusion of __________ into _____________.

A

Hydrogen, helium

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13
Q

What type of planet is Uranus?

A

An ice or water giant Jovian.

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14
Q

A cloud of gas and dust is called a ___________.

A

Nebula

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15
Q

The cold temperatures of the planets in the outer solar system cause H and He to condense into liquids, true and false?

A

False

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16
Q

The volatiles are always liquids on Earth, true or false?

A

False

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17
Q

Feldspar is mainly found in the Earth’s core, crust, and mantle?

A

Crust

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18
Q

The process by which material of different densities separate into different layers is called:

A

Differentiation

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19
Q

Rock A has crystals several millimeters across.

Rock B has no visible crystals, but has a gritty texture to the fingernail or tooth.

Which rock cooled more quickly?

A

Rock B

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20
Q

Volatiles were gasses: inside the snow line or outside the snow line

A

Inside the snow line

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21
Q

Outside the snow line, which solids were available for plant formation?

A

Volatiles, minerals, and metal

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22
Q

Embryos were:

A

The size of the moon

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23
Q

Kernels were:

A

Large enough to collect gas

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24
Q

The Jovian planets contain rock and metal, true or false?

A

True

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25
Q

Asteroids are:

A

Mostly leftover planetesimals.

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26
Q

Pluto is a member of the:

A

Kuiper Belt

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27
Q

The age of the Solar system is:

A

4.54 billion years old

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28
Q

The asteroids are mostly found in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter because:

A

They are the debris from a planet that exploded there.

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29
Q

What type of astronomical object is the Sun?

A

Star

30
Q

What would happen if the Sun’s core temperature rose slightly?

A

The reaction would run faster, generating more heat, causing the core to expand in cool. 

31
Q

Light can travel though: the convection zone or the radiative zone

A

Radiative zone

32
Q

The convection zone is: translucent or opaque?

A

Opaque

33
Q

The sunspot cycle lasts:

A

11 years

34
Q

Spicules are located in the:

A

Chromosphere

35
Q

The layer of the Sun visible during a total solar eclipse is the:

A

Corona

36
Q

The first reaction of the proton-proton chain consists of: 

A

Two protons fuse to form a deuterium, releasing a neutrino and a positron, which annihilates with a nearby. 

37
Q

The second reaction of the proton-proton chain consist of:

A

A deuterium and a proton fuse to form a helium-3 releasing energy in the form of gamma rays

38
Q

The third reaction of the proton-proton chain consists of:

A

Two helium-3 fuse to form a helium-4 plus two protons.

39
Q

The solar neutrino problem has been solved, true or false?

A

True

40
Q

The Maunder Minimum when sunspot activity decreased dramatically:

A

Coincided with a decrease in Earth’s temperature.

41
Q

Sunspots are areas of:

A

Intense magnetic fields

42
Q

Over geologic time the sun is getting: brighter or dimmer

A

Brighter

43
Q

Most of the rocks inside the Earth is melted, true or false?

A

False

44
Q

Earth’s early tectonic style was: plate tectonics, flow tectonics or stagnant-lid tectonics?

A

Stagnant-lid tectonics

45
Q

As the worlds are assembled, the heat produced as their pieces come together is called:

A

Heat or accretion

46
Q

Which had more feldspar: continental crust of oceanic crust?

A

Continental crust

47
Q

Which is thinner: continental crust or oceanic crust?

A

Oceanic crust

48
Q

The hottest plant in the solar system is:

A

Venus

49
Q

Besides Earth, which other planet has continents?

A

Venus

50
Q

Which is true?
A) the moon is as reflective as fresh snow
B) the moon is as reflective as white sand
C) the moon is as reflective as a concrete road
D) the moon is as reflective as and asphalt road

A

D

51
Q

The Moon’s core is:

A

Smaller than expected for a terrestrial world

52
Q

The graph from the paper by Peplowski et al. shows that Mercury was extensively heated by the giant impact that formed it, just as the Moon.

A

False

53
Q

Mercury’s continents can be mapped from telescopes in Earth, true or false?

A

False

54
Q

Did Mercury’s surface turn out to be all maria,,or to have no maria?

A

All maria

55
Q

Mars’ Vallles Marineris we’re carved by running water, true or false?

A

False

56
Q

The northern hemisphere of Mars is: low and smooth or high and heavily-cratered?

A

Low and smooth

57
Q

Why are the four large volcanoes on Mars higher than mountains on Earth? 

A

Mars has no plate tectonics to carry volcanoes off on the tops of lava sources.

58
Q

The atmosphere of Venus is mostly: 

A

Carbon dioxide

59
Q

Venus is holding all the air it’s gravity can hold, true or false?

A

True

60
Q

A planet, with a mass of 20 times the mass of the Earth will have an atmosphere composed of: 

A

Hydrogen and helium

61
Q

Mercury in the moon have no real atmosphere is because:

A

They are too small

62
Q

The idea that Venus’ is water was broken by UV and the hydrogen then lost into space is supported by: 

A

High levels of deuterium in Venus’ atmosphere

63
Q

Volcanic gases on terrestrial planets consist of: 

A

1/2 water vaporizer, 1/2 carbon dioxide, and a tiny bit of nitrogen

64
Q

The atmosphere of Mars is mostly: 

A

Carbon dioxide

65
Q

What is the most abundant greenhouse gas on Earth?

A

Water vapour 

66
Q

Of the three major greenhouse gases on terrestrial planets, which is the weakest?

A

Water vapour

67
Q

The coldest layer in a terrestrial planet’s atmosphere is called the:

A

Mesosphere

68
Q

The troposphere is heated by:,

A

Convection from the Sun-warmed ground

69
Q

How many layers does the default atmosphere of a terrestrial planet have?

A

3

70
Q

The thermosphere is heated by:

A

Absorption of high-energy radiation, such as gamma rays

71
Q

If we stopped producing greenhouse gases today, the temperature would stop rising, true or false?

A

False

72
Q

The current unprecedented rapid rise in global temperature is due to anthropogenic greenhouse gases, true or false?

A

True

Astronomy (1 decks)

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