Astronomy Ch. 2

Question 1

device that pushes gas in one direction to move the rocket in the opposite
direction

Answer 1

Rocket

Question 2

What were Rockets used to carry during World War II?

Answer 2

explosives

Question 3

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction (force)

Answer 3

Newton’s 3rd law of motion

Question 4

force that moves a rocket in a forward direction/motion

Answer 4

Thrust

Question 5

How does a rocket move?

Answer 5

Rockets move forward or upward because they have gas shooting out of the back of the rocket which pushes the rocket in the opposite direction (gas pushes down = rocket goes up)

Question 6

A large artificial satellite that people can live and work aboard

Answer 6

Space station

Question 7

Name one space station

Answer 7

(example: International Space Station also called the ISS)

Question 8

How far have humans explored in person?

Answer 8

Humans have explored as far as our moon using manned missions.

Question 9

How far have unmanned space probes explored?

Answer 9

Missions beyond Earth’s moon have been done by space probes with NO human crews.

Question 10

These devices are mainly used to observe the Earth’s surface to track changes in the Earth’s surface over time

Answer 10

Satellites

Question 11

Name an artificial satellite

Answer 11

a GPS satellite

Question 12

Name a natural satellite

Answer 12

our moon.

Question 13

This type of technology was originally developed in China in the 1100’s

Answer 13

Rocket technology

Question 14

smaller rockets (called stages) are placed one on top of the other then fired in succession (one fires up, runs out of fuel, detaches from the whole system, then the next rocket fires up and goes through the same process. This keeps happening until only one rocket is remaining).

Answer 14

Multistage rocket

Question 15

What is the biggest advantage to multistage rockets?

Answer 15

The biggest advantage to multistage rockets is the total weight of the rocket is reduced as the rocket rises higher.

Question 16

Click image

Click image to enlarge

Answer 16

Click image

Question 17

Click the image. What does it depict?

Answer 17

Multistage rocket

Question 18

An unofficial competition between the USA vs. Russia (formerly known as the USSR or the Soviet Union)- it started when the Soviet Union launched the satellite Sputnik 1 into orbit. The USA thought it was a spy satellite but it was just sending radio wavelength signals back to Earth.

Answer 18

The Space Race

Question 19

The main source of power for the International Space Station (ISS)

Answer 19

Solar power

Question 20

velocity (speed and direction) a rocket must reach to get into orbit around the Earth

Answer 20

Orbital velocity

Question 21

What does NASA stand for?

Answer 21

National
Aeronautics and
Space
Administration

Question 22

The government agency in charge of
the space program in the United States

Answer 22

NASA

Question 23

moving robots that are used to explore the surface of planets such as Mars

Answer 23

Rover

Question 24

Russian physicist who described in scientific terms how rockets work and proposed designs for advanced rockets.

Answer 24

Konstantin Tsiolkovsky

Question 25

American physicist who designed and built rockets to test in 1915

Answer 25

Robert Goddard

Question 26

German scientist who designed the V-2 rocket used during WWII. After the war he was brought to the United States to direct and develop rockets used in the US space program.

Answer 26

Wernher von Braun

Question 27

Speed in a given direction

Answer 27

Velocity

Question 28

• Oxygen mixed with the fuel (a dry explosive chemical)
• The rocket can be triggered from a distance by an igniter.
• Once the fuel is ignited, it burns until it is all gone.
  What type of rocket is this?

Answer 28

Solid-fuel rocket

Question 29

*Oxygen and the fuel are in liquid form, stored separately.
* When the rocket fires, the fuel and oxygen are pumped into the same chamber and ignited.
* The burning of fuel can be controlled.
What type of rocket is this?

Answer 29

Liquid-fuel rocket

Question 30

*This type of rocket expels charged gas particles out of the engine.
* these types are very fuel efficient.

What type of rocket is this?

Answer 30

Ion rocket

Question 31

Name the three types of rocket fuels used to power modern rockets.

Answer 31

1. Solid fuel rockets
2. Liquid fuel rockets
3. Ion rockets

Question 32

The velocity a rocket must reach to fly beyond a planets gravitational pull.

Answer 32

Escape velocity

Question 33

How high a rocket rises above the ground is called…

Answer 33

Rocket altitude

Question 34

An object that revolves around another object

Answer 34

Satellite

Question 35

Who was the first human in space and which country launched them and what was the name of their rocket?

Answer 35

Yuri Gagarin

Soviet Union (Russia)

Vostok 1

Question 36

Who was the first American in space? He did not orbit the Earth. He flew in Freedom 7 and was part of the Mercury space program.

Answer 36

Alan Shepard

Question 37

Who was the first American to orbit Earth? In 1962 he was launched aboard the space capsule Friendship 7 and orbited Earth 3 times.

Answer 37

John Glenn

Question 38

The American effort to land astronauts on the moon and return them to Earth created by president John F. Kennedy was called what?

Answer 38

The Apollo program

Question 39

Who were the first two astronauts to walk on the moon and what was the name of their craft?

Answer 39

Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin

Apollo 11

Question 40

A spacecraft that can carry a crew into space, return to Earth, and then be reused for the same purpose.

Answer 40

Space shuttle

Question 41

A spacecraft that carries scientific instruments that can collect data, but has no human crew.

Answer 41

Space probe